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Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM)

Pediatric EM Morsels

References Dessole F, Virdis G, Andrisani A, Vitagliano A, Cappadona R, Dessole S, Cosmi E, Capobianco G. Leblanc C, Baron M, Desselas, E, Phan, MH, Rybak A, Thouvenin G, Lauby C, Irtan S. Leblanc C, Baron M, Desselas, E, Phan, MH, Rybak A, Thouvenin G, Lauby C, Irtan S. Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology.

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Ultrasound Diagnosis of Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections

Core EM

REFERENCES: Castleberg E, Jenson N, Dinh VA. 2014;15(1):111-113. Joaquín Valle Alonso, Ganapathiram Lakshmanan, Yasser Saleem, Use of POCUS Ultrasound in sepsis, bedside diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis, QJM: An International Journal of Medicine , Volume 110, Issue 10, October 2017, Pages 687–688. 2020;12(1).

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The Broselow-Luten System

Pediatric EM Morsels

Initially tested in Johannesburg, South Africa: 1 month old to 12 years old Broselow predicted within 10% of weight in 63.6% Shah 2017] In Turkey, it has a “reliable correlation.” Reduces dosing errors during resus, up to 33.88%. Recommended by ATLS and PALS. Krug 2007] What If the Child is Obese or Emaciated? Broselow does not.

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The Modified Valsalva Maneuver: Practical Treatment or Pointless Trick?

REBEL EM

What they did: Prospective randomized controlled trial, unblinded, multicenter study Conducted from January 2017 to December 2022 Patients with confirmed PSVT were randomly assigned to receive MVM, IV Adenosine, or combined therapy. No significant differences in heart rate 1 minute after cardioversion were observed between the three groups.

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PEM POCUS Series: Pediatric Lung Ultrasound

ALiEM

Technique Positioning and Probe Figure 1: Younger children can sit in their parent’s lap and give a hug for lateral and posterior lung scanning. The patient should be in a position of comfort: supine, sitting, or in parent’s lap (Figure 1). Identify anatomical landmarks on ultrasound (Figure 3, Video 1).

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PEM POCUS Series: Pediatric Renal and Bladder Ultrasound

ALiEM

Ultrasound probes from left to right: linear (nenoates), phased array (infants/younger children), and curvilinear (older children/adolescents) Pro tips for performing renal/bladder POCUS on a child [1] Addressing potential anxiety leads to a more efficient and comfortable examination. Pre-warmed ultrasound gel is helpful when available.

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Traveling Ticks: Tickborne Illnesses and International Travel

Pediatric EM Morsels

However, it is often overlooked that tickborne illnesses are among the most common travel-related illnesses globally (CDC Traveller’s Health 2017). Time from tick bite to onset of symptoms generally ranges from 1 week to 4 weeks but can start within 2 days (CDC 2022) Tick-Borne Encephalitis can also be transmitted in unpasturized dairy.

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