ALiEM

AUGUST 9, 2023

Child with Cough and Fever: Case Introduction A 6-year-old boy presents to the emergency department complaining of cough for 3 days and fever for the last day. Technique Positioning and Probe Figure 1: Younger children can sit in their parent’s lap and give a hug for lateral and posterior lung scanning.

E-9-1-1 246

E-9-1-1 Emergency Department ALS OR 246

EMDocs

FEBRUARY 15, 2024

1 These plants contain tropane alkaloids such as atropine (mixture of d-hyoscyamine and l-hyoscyamine) and scopolamine which are muscarinic receptor antagonists. 2 Jimson weed ( Datura stramonium, Figure 1) is one of several anticholinergic plants that if ingested can cause anticholinergic toxicity. 3 Figure 1. 3 Figure 1.

E-9-1-1 89

E-9-1-1 Overdose ED OR 89

EMDocs

OCTOBER 8, 2024

Discharging a patient with abnormal vital signs has been linked to unanticipated death (1-4). 2005;2(1):44-52. doi:10.1038/ncpcardio0068 Sklar DP, Crandall CS, Loeliger E, Edmunds K, Paul I, Helitzer DL. Unanticipated death after discharge home from the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. Ann Emerg Med.

E-9-1-1 94

E-9-1-1 Emergency Department ED OR 94

REBEL EM

JANUARY 25, 2024

In many emergency departments (ED), US machines are readily available and can be used to rapidly assess and monitor patients with acute dyspnea at the bedside. What They Did: Design: Randomized, controlled, blinded-outcome trial Sites: Three emergency departments in Denmark Duration: October 9, 2019 to May 26, 2021.

ED 130

ED E-9-1-1 Emergency Department ALS 130

Don't Forget the Bubbles

JUNE 17, 2024

Introduction: Civility Matters Healthcare environments, particularly emergency departments, are characterised by high levels of Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity ( VUCA ). Here are ten things to think about: 1. Churruca K, Pavithra A, McMullan R, Urwin R, Tippett S, Cunningham N, Loh E, Westbrook J.

E-9-1-1 105

E-9-1-1 Critical Care CPR ICU 105

EMDocs

JUNE 14, 2023

Patellar reflexes are 1+. 1, 2, 4, 9 Organophosphates are one of many types of insecticide and are used worldwide to manage crops. 1, 2 Symmetric sensorimotor axonopathy: leg cramping to extremity weakness and paralysis. 1, 2 Sensory > Motor neurons with predilection for long axons. Muscle tone is normal.

E-9-1-1 70

E-9-1-1 Emergency Department Plasma ED 70

EMDocs

JANUARY 17, 2024

She had return of spontaneous resuscitation (ROSC) and was subsequently intubated and transported to the emergency department (ED). 1) There are a limited number of antitussives on the US market which include benzonatate, codeine, dextromethorphan, diphenhydramine, and hydrocodone. 11) A bolus dose at 1.5

E-9-1-1 67

E-9-1-1 Overdose Emergency Medical Services Life Support 67

EMDocs

AUGUST 22, 2024

1 However, we recognize that many patients prefer to speak a language other than English regardless of their English proficiency, and this does not indicate a deficiency. 9 Less likely to be satisfied with their care and have a lower understanding of their discharge instructions. April 2019. Annals of Emergency Medicine.

Emergency Department 81

Emergency Department ALS E-9-1-1 ED 81

REBEL EM

FEBRUARY 21, 2024

Surgical Patients Quereshi 2019 Double-blind RCT IM diclofenac 75 mg vs PO diclofenac 100 mg Small difference favoring IM in terms of speed to pain relief Authors conclude PO superior due to time to prepare injection The data looks fairly clear in terms of analgesic efficacy but, don’t some patients simply prefer to receive a shot?

E-9-1-1 64

E-9-1-1 Emergency Department ALS ED 64

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

NOVEMBER 30, 2022

mm of ST segment elevation, V2 and V3 have 1 mm of elevation, v4 has 2 mm of elevation and v5 around 1.5 Upon arrival to the emergency department, a senior emergency physician looked at the ECG and said "Nothing too exciting." Note 1: Levels were significantly lower in takotsubo that presented with T-wave inversion.

Emergency Department 52

Emergency Department E-9-1-1 Coronary STEMI 52

Don't Forget the Bubbles

JULY 17, 2023

You will find the list is broken down into four sections: 1.Reviews 2023 Jun 1. 2023 Jun 1;76(6):731-736 The Association Between Media-Based Exposure to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and Emergency Department Visits for Self-Harm. 2023 Jun 9. 2023 Jun 6:1-11. 2023 Jun 9. Low yield from imaging after non -E.

E-9-1-1 98

E-9-1-1 ALS Emergency Department Emergency Medical Services 98

EMDocs

JUNE 7, 2023

1-5 Farmers also treat sheep for parasites using OPs and may become symptomatic after exposure, an illness called Dipper’s Flu. 8 Intermediate syndrome Occurs 1 to 5 days after acute exposure in up to 40% on individuals. 7, 9 Often have absence of excessive cholinergic stimulation. 7 May lead to respiratory failure.

E-9-1-1 83

E-9-1-1 ICU Emergency Department ED 83

EMDocs

MAY 11, 2024

CT head without contrast 1 is performed and reveals the following: Question: What is the diagnosis? Updated November 9, 2023. On exam, the patient opens eyes to voice, has extraocular movements intact, is unable to speak, and has 0/5 strength in all extremities. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Simply Psychology.

EMS 88

EMS E-9-1-1 ALS OR 88

EMDocs

JUNE 27, 2024

Abdomen : ND, NT, no guarding or rebound MSK : Tenderness to palpation over L ribs 7-9 Derm : No rashes Imaging: Image 1: Case courtesy of Miriam Leiderer, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 81468 Chest radiograph (CXR) shows new left lower lobe opacity What’s most likely diagnosis? 2022 Jul 5;328(1):57-68. 2020 Feb 12;10(1):2470.

E-9-1-1 75

E-9-1-1 ICU ACS EMS 75

EMDocs

NOVEMBER 18, 2023

A point of care ultrasound of the liver reveals the following: Image 1: Ultrasound of the liver showing abnormal hepatic artery flow and resistance index 1 Question: What is the diagnosis? Rosh Review Website Link References 1) Karmazyn B, Sağlam D, Rao GS, Jennings SG, Mangus RS. In: Molmenti E, Santibañes M, Santibañes E.

EMS 69

EMS E-9-1-1 ALS Emergency Department 69

Don't Forget the Bubbles

JUNE 30, 2023

He has already climbed Ben Nevis in Scotland, visited the Gobi desert (possibly from the comfort of his parents 4 x 4, but who’s judging) and has his bronze D of E nailed. She calls out her findings: A – OK B – 1 puncture mark to the anterior left chest wall, covered with a three-sided dressing. Actively oozing.

E-9-1-1 139

E-9-1-1 FFP Plasma Emergency Department 139

EMDocs

SEPTEMBER 7, 2023

1 Clinical Questions: When should a clinician suspect diethylene glycol (DEG) toxicity? Toxicity typically evolves through three phases: 2,3,7,8,9 Phase 1: Gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., 1 Of the 57 children, 96% had confirmed exposures to the acetaminophen-based teething medication.

E-9-1-1 65

E-9-1-1 ALS Emergency Department Plasma 65

Don't Forget the Bubbles

JANUARY 17, 2024

Curious Ken is brought into your emergency department. Around 80% of those reported pass spontaneously, with another 10-20% requiring endoscopic removal and only 1% requiring surgical intervention. Pediatric Emergency Care , 31 (6), pp.416-418. Pediatric Emergency Care , 35 (6), pp.426-427. 2012 Jan;3(1):6.

E-9-1-1 111

E-9-1-1 ALS Emergency Department OR 111

Don't Forget the Bubbles

JULY 22, 2024

study from 200 9. A large proportion of the trials come from Finland (3) and The UK (2) and also from Australia (1) and the US (1), but only a small number took place in the ED. References BTS_SIGN Guideline for the management of asthma 2019.pdf. Castro-Rodriguez JA, Beckhaus AA, Forno E. 2019 Aug;9(8):e028511.

E-9-1-1 105

E-9-1-1 ALS ACS ED 105

EMDocs

OCTOBER 30, 2023

1 The shortage in supply posed difficulties for hospitals that significantly depend on GE Healthcare as their supplier, which encompassed approximately 50% of hospitals in the United States (US). 11 Table 1. Preparation 9 Hospitals had to prepare for the impending contrast shortage as soon as potential shortage news occurred.

E-9-1-1 73

E-9-1-1 Emergency Department ALS ED 73

Don't Forget the Bubbles

SEPTEMBER 13, 2023

The parents of 18-month-old Susie brought her to the Emergency Department after she had a seizure at home. When considering tumours, 37 observation studies involving 2661 children found that 3% (95% CI 1-7%) had tumours. 2019-0134 Hirtz D, Ashwal S, Berg A, et al. 2021;26(1):50-57 NICE. J Am Coll Radiol.

E-9-1-1 131

E-9-1-1 Emergency Department ALS OR 131

REBEL EM

AUGUST 28, 2023

Surgical Patients Quereshi 2019 Double-blind RCT IM diclofenac 75 mg vs PO diclofenac 100 mg Small difference favoring IM in terms of speed to pain relief Authors conclude PO superior due to time to prepare injection The data looks fairly clear in terms of analgesic efficacy but, don’t some patients simply prefer to receive a shot?

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 Emergency Department ALS ED 52

REBEL EM

JANUARY 23, 2023

Moreover, the FDA approved intravenous (IV) cetirizine to treat acute urticaria in 2019. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio. However, according to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, “oral antihistamine therapy is equivalent to IV therapy” (Ledford D 2019). 2005 Sep;116(3):643-9.

Allergic Reaction 52

Allergic Reaction ED E-9-1-1 Emergency Department 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JANUARY 13, 2024

Spikes 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9 all occur either during or immediately after P waves which should never happen. Repeat ECG from the emergency department is shown. Regarding Today's Tracing: For clarity in Figure-1 — I have reproduced and labeled the initial ECG in today's case. The radiologist did not comment on this.

E-9-1-1 102

E-9-1-1 OR Emergency Department 102

Don't Forget the Bubbles

MAY 29, 2023

A study of teams over a 1-year period highlights that people witnessing incivility are also affected, which could lead to individuals feeling unsupported in their teams. 2021:36:1–2, NP448–NP473 Available at. Internet] 2019:23:3, 346-355, DOI: 10.1080/10903127.2018.1502383 Cataldo CG. PLoS ONE [Internet] 2014 9(8): e104720.

Critical Care 98

Critical Care E-9-1-1 Paramedicine Paramedicine 98

FOAMfrat

OCTOBER 20, 2023

As reported within the 6th edition Manual of Emergency Airway Management, there are cardiac arrest rates between 1% and 4%, with other complications (mostly hypoxemia and hypotension) as high as 30% in patients with first-pass success [1, pg 29; 4-10]. Recommendations : 1. Why is Physiologic Optimization Important?

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 ALS ACS OR 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

APRIL 22, 2022

But these cases show the potential dangers of delayed recognition and treatment of inferior reperfusion Take away 1. ECG’s can be labeled as ‘normal’ by the computer (and confirmed by cardiology) even with diagnostic signs of occlusion or reperfusion References 1. JAMA Intern Med 2019 9. C ASE # 1: Great point by Drs.

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 STEMI ALS ED 52

ACEP Now

SEPTEMBER 3, 2024

Hahnemann University Hospital in Philadelphia closed in 2019, a year and a half after it was acquired along with St. 1 Immediately after the purchase, the real estate holdings of the hospitals were spun off into a separate company owned by Paladin and other PE investors. Appelbaum E, Batt R. Published September 5, 2019.

E-9-1-1 69

E-9-1-1 ALS OR Emergency Department 69

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

MARCH 9, 2023

Sent by anonymous, written by Pendell Meyers A man in his 50s with no prior known medical history presented to the Emergency Department with severe intermittent chest pain. Proven STEMI has an open artery in 19% to 36% of cases, depending on whether it is TIMI −1, −2, or −3 flow. Pol Arch Intern Med. 2017;127:401–411.

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 STEMI Coronary ALS 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

SEPTEMBER 30, 2019

The patient’s ECG on arrival at the emergency department is shown below. For clarity — I’ve put these 2 tracings together in Figure-1. Figure-1: The initial ED ECG ( = E CG # 1) — with comparison to the patient’s baseline ECG done 4 years earlier ( = E CG # 3). No arrhythmias occurred en route.

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 Coronary STEMI Emergency Department 52

EMDocs

FEBRUARY 12, 2024

Introduction Arterial blood gas (ABG) or venous blood gas (VBG) testing is used to assess the pH and systemic carbon dioxide tension in patients, and, therefore, provide a more complete picture of their acid-base status than an isolated basic metabolic panel (BMP) (1). However, ABGs have many drawbacks compared to VBGs.

Emergency Department 94

Emergency Department E-9-1-1 ED ICU 94

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JANUARY 10, 2020

Here is the parasternal short axis, performed by a real expert in emergency department point of care cardiac ultrasound: There does not appear to be an anterior wall motion abnormality. I was relieved to see this MRI result: MRI IMPRESSION 1) Mildly decreased LV function with no focal wall motion abnormalities. Pericarditis?

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 OR STEMI Emergency Department 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

NOVEMBER 12, 2020

Here they are: Learning Points: 1. Clin Chem [Internet] 2020;Available from: [link] Smith mini-review: Troponin in Emergency Department COVID patients Cardiac Troponin (cTn) is a nonspecific marker of myocardial injury. Am J Med [Internet] 2017;130(12):1431–9.e4. Clin Chem [Internet] 2017;63(1):101–7.

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 STEMI Coronary ALS 52

Don't Forget the Bubbles

JULY 5, 2023

Figure 1: Clinical manifestations and long-term consequences of sickle cell disease Training and education on sickle cell disease: Training and education are crucial to improve morbidity and mortality. Investigations : Bloods show Hb of 8 g/L, White cell count 13x 10 9 /L, Platelets 570 x10 9 /L, CRP 35mg/L.

E-9-1-1 126

E-9-1-1 ACS OR ICU 126

Don't Forget the Bubbles

SEPTEMBER 18, 2023

This blog post aims to help familiarise you with some of the most common reasons for prescribing antibiotics in the paediatric emergency department. Antibiotic Use for Common Infections in Pediatric Emergency Departments: A Narrative Review. 2019 Nov 15;16(22):4515. Emerg Med J. 2007 Feb 1;24(2):128–9.

Emergency Department 143

Emergency Department E-9-1-1 ALS OR 143

Don't Forget the Bubbles

AUGUST 30, 2023

The parents of 9-month-old Josie bring her into the Emergency Department with coryzal symptoms and difficulty breathing. A secondary analysis of a nationwide study of Emergency Department attendance in America from 2006 to 2008 found that CXRs increase the average length of stay by 27 minutes. Am J Emerg Med.

E-9-1-1 131

E-9-1-1 Emergency Department ALS OR 131

EMDocs

JANUARY 20, 2024

She describes the pain as left-sided, non-radiating, and 9/10 in severity. Answer: Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy 1-18 Background: Also known as transient apical ballooning syndrome, apical ballooning cardiomyopathy, stress-induced cardiomyopathy, stress cardiomyopathy, Gebrochenes-Herz syndrome, and broken-heart syndrome.

E-9-1-1 74

E-9-1-1 EMS Coronary ACS 74