EMDocs

SEPTEMBER 14, 2024

2024 Aug;84(2):226-227. 2: Human, Take this Patient to the Cath Lab – AI and STEMI Detection Spoon Feed These researchers developed and trained a deep ensemble artificial intelligence (AI) model to classify ECGs as STEMI versus non-STEMI. 2024 Jul 25:S0196-0644(24)00327-5. 2024 Jul 1;154(1):e2023064364.

Defibrillator 97

Defibrillator STEMI Emergency Department OR 97

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JULY 9, 2024

Despite anticipation by many that the initial post-resuscitation ECG will show an obvious acute infarction — this expected "STEMI picture" is often not seen.

Defibrillator 116

Defibrillator STEMI CPR EMS 116

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JULY 7, 2024

So while there’s no diagnostic STEMI criteria, there are multiple ischemic abnormalities in 11/12 leads involving QRS, ST and T waves, which are diagnostic of a proximal LAD occlusion. First trop was 7,000ng/L (normal 25% of ‘Non-STEMI’ patients with delayed angiography have the exact same pathology of acute coronary occlusion.

STEMI 66

STEMI Coronary ALS OR 66

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JUNE 7, 2024

Obvious infero-postero-lateral STEMI(+)OMI, regardless of context Now let’s put them in order: what was the sequence? With serial ECGs that are ‘STEMI negative’ the physician could have waited for serial troponin levels or referred the patient as “non-STEMI”. What was the outcome and final diagnosis?

STEMI 112

STEMI Coronary OR EMS 112

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

SEPTEMBER 29, 2024

This certainly looks like an anterior STEMI (proximal LAD occlusion), with STE and hyperacute T-waves (HATW) in V2-V6 and I and aVL. How do you explain the anterior STEMI(+)OMI immediately after ROSC evolving into posterior OMI 30 minutes later? This caused a type 2 anterior STEMI.

STEMI 110

STEMI Coronary Defibrillator OR 110

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

MARCH 10, 2025

If we took this as the gold standard, we would conclude that the computer interpretation was safe and accurate at least accurate enough to not miss STEMI, and that physicians should not be interrupted to interpret it, because there would be no change in patient management. What is the gold standard for ECG interpretation: patient outcome!!!

STEMI 89

STEMI OR Coronary Emergency Department 89

The Bottom Line

APRIL 26, 2024

DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2312572 Clinical Question In adults presenting with STEMI and cardiogenic shock does the use of a microaxial flow pump (Impella CP) compared to standard care reduce death from any cause at day 180? Background Cardiogenic shock is a frequent complication of STEMI and […]

STEMI 79

STEMI ALS OR 79

EMDocs

MAY 4, 2024

. #1: Emergent Cath Lab Activations with “Normal” Computer ECG Interpretations Spoon Feed A significant minority of code STEMI patients have an initial normal computer ECG interpretation. 2024 Mar;31(3):296-300. Acad Emerg Med. doi: 10.1111/acem.14795. Epub 2023 Sep 17. PMID: 37620163. #2:

STEMI 98

STEMI Emergency Department OR 98

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 12, 2024

Written by Bobby Nicholson What do you think of this “STEMI”? Second, although there is a lot of ST Elevation which meets STEMI criteria, especially in V3-4, the ST segment is extremely upwardly concave with very large J-waves (J-point notching). With EMS, patient had a GCS of 3 and was saturating 60% on room air. ng/mL and 0.10

STEMI 116

STEMI Coronary Emergency Department ACS 116

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

AUGUST 2, 2024

This was a machine read STEMI positive OMI. The meaning of this quote is that at times, something as obvious as the dramatic anterior lead ST elevation that we see in today's tracing is not the result of an acute LAD STEMI. His ECG is shown below. Pretty obvious anterior current of injury. What would you guess is the culprit artery?

STEMI 119

STEMI ALS OR 119

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

AUGUST 16, 2024

Its hard to measure the STE in I exactly with the moving baseline, but there is almost certainly not enough STE to meet STEMI criteria. The ACC recognizes these findings as formal STEMI equivalents (though they do not define how to find them). They are symmetric, fat, convex on both sides, etc. 13 post.

STEMI 112

STEMI OR 112

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

MAY 13, 2024

This ECG is highly concerning for LAD occlusion despite it not showing a STEMI criteria. You can find the variables used to calculate the value on MD calc here: [link] Utilizing Dr. Smith’s Subtle Anterior STEMI Calculator (4-Variable), the value is greater than 18.2 which is concerning for LAD occlusion.

OR 120

OR STEMI Heart Attack Coronary 120

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JANUARY 27, 2024

So this NSTEMI was likely a STEMI(-)OMI with delayed reperfusion. The patient was admitted as ‘NSTEMI’ which is supposed to represent a non-occlusive MI, but the underlying pathophysiology is analogous to a transient STEMI. West J Emerg Med 2024). Fortunately the patient did not reocclude while awaiting the angiogram.

STEMI 117

STEMI Coronary ACS ED 117

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

AUGUST 11, 2024

While STEMI negative, the ECG is diagnostic of proximal LAD occlusion. Transient STEMI” are often managed like non-STEMI with delayed angiography, which is very risky. This case is an example of the steps we can all take in daily practice as the paradigm shifts from STEMI to OMI.

STEMI 100

STEMI Paramedic Coronary EMS 100

EMDocs

FEBRUARY 24, 2024

2024 Jan;75:137-142. 2024 Jan;22(1):140-151. 3: New AI-Powered OMI Detector Spoon Feed An artificial intelligence (AI) ECG model outperformed standard STEMI criteria in identifying occlusion myocardial infarction (OMI) confirmed by coronary angiography. Source High risk and low prevalence diseases: Infected urolithiasis.

Coronary 98

Coronary STEMI ED OR 98

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JUNE 27, 2024

COACT: The COACT trial was fatally flawed, and because of it, many cardiologists are convinced that if there are no STEMI criteria, the patient does not need to go to the cath lab. N Engl J Med [Internet] 2019;Available from: [link] Should all patients with shockable arrest be taken to angiography regardless of STEMI or No STEMI?

Defibrillator 113

Defibrillator STEMI Coronary ALS 113

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

SEPTEMBER 23, 2024

The conventional machine algorithm interpreted this ECG as STEMI. See this post of RV MI with both McConnell sign and "D" sign: Inferior and Posterior STEMI. I've excerpted the Table shown below in Figure-2 from My Comment in that June 17, 2024 post. When EMS found her, she was dyspneic and diaphoretic.

E-9-1-1 128

E-9-1-1 Coronary STEMI ALS 128

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JANUARY 20, 2024

This patient does not show up in the STEMI registry, and the time to reperfusion will likely not be identified as the problem that it was. The STEMI registry will show very high sensitivity of the ECG for STEMI, obscuring the fact the STEMI has low sensitivity for OMI Queen of Hearts sees it easily, like readers of the blog would.

STEMI 121

STEMI CAD ED ALS 121

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 8, 2024

Subtle as a STEMI." (i.e., Here is the bottom line of the article: It is widely believed that hyperacute T-waves are a transitional state preceding ST Elevation 1–4 Thus, it is tempting to postulate that early cases of OMI will eventually evolve to STEMI; yet, our data contradicts that notion. This one is easy for the Queen.

OR 123

OR STEMI ICU Coronary 123

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 15, 2024

A prehospital “STEMI” activation was called on a 75 year old male ( Patient 1 ) with a history of hyperlipidemia and LAD and Cx OMI with stent placement. The two cases were considered: Patient 1 was recognized by the ED provider and the cardiologist as having resolved “STEMI”. He wrote most of it and I (Smith) edited.

OR 116

OR STEMI Coronary ED 116

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JUNE 11, 2024

Now it is a full blown STEMI of 3 myocardial territories: inferior, posterior, and lateral But at least it does not call it "Normal." Learning Points: You cannot trust conventional algorithms even to find STEMI(+) OMI, even when they say "normal ECG." At this point — a STEMI was diagnosed, and cardiac cath with PCI was performed.

STEMI 113

STEMI Coronary Emergency Department OR 113

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 17, 2024

The prehospital and ED computer interpretation was inferior STEMI: There’s normal sinus rhythm, first degree AV block and RBBB, normal axis and normal voltages. The paramedic notes called STEMI into question: “EMS disagree with monitor for STEMI callout. Vitals were normal except for oxygen saturation of 94%. Vitals were normal.

STEMI 73

STEMI Paramedic Coronary ED 73

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JULY 25, 2024

Cardiac arrest #3: ST depression, Is it STEMI? or is he an ACCESS Trial Candidate? == MY Comment , by K EN G RAUER, MD ( 7/5 /2024 ): == Clinical ECG interpretation is a 2-Step process. See these related cases: Cardiac arrest, defibrillated, diffuse ST depression and ST Elevation in aVR.

Defibrillator 124

Defibrillator Coronary Epinephrine ACS 124

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

SEPTEMBER 18, 2024

Here is his ED ECG at triage: Obvious high lateral OMI that does not quite meet STEMI criteria. I would strongly consider the possibility of pure coronary spasm given the history, negative troponins and normal cath in light of the ECG changes seen below in Figure-1 ( See My Comment in the June 5, 2024 post by Dr. Nossen ).

Coronary 122

Coronary ACS OR EMR 122

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

SEPTEMBER 5, 2024

It has been estimated that in the aggregate, they occur at a rate of about 3 per 1000 patients with acute MI, and most of these events occur in patients with STEMI. A mong patients with STEMI, ventricular septal rupture is the most common and free wall rupture is the least common. Hammill SC. Edwards WD.

STEMI 109

STEMI Coronary OR ALS 109

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

MARCH 22, 2024

This is documented as a STEMI in the clinical notes and in the cath report, but certainly does not meet STEMI criteria and is therefore an NSTEMI by definition. For national registry purposes, this will be incorrectly classified as a STEMI.) Most STEMI have peak cTnI greater than 10.0. Large STEMI are approximately 30-80.

STEMI 114

STEMI OR 114

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

APRIL 22, 2024

Patient still not having chest pain however this is more concerning for OMI/STEMI. Wellens' syndrome is a syndrome of Transient OMI (old terminology would be transient STEMI). As far as I can tell, there is only one randomized trial of immediate vs. delayed intervention for transient STEMI. Labs ordered but not yet drawn.

Coronary 118

Coronary STEMI ED OR 118

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JUNE 17, 2024

for those of you who do not do Emergency Medicine, ECGs are handed to us without any clinical context) The ECG was read simply as "No STEMI." Accessed May 28, 2024. In 2024 — once the diagnosis of acute is contemplated, point of care Echo and/or CTPA ( C omputed T omography P ulmonary A ngiography ) enable expedited confirmation.

E-9-1-1 139

E-9-1-1 ACS Emergency Department Coronary 139

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

AUGUST 4, 2024

QOH versions 1 and 2 both say Not OMI, with high confidence, without any clinical context, despite the abnormal STE meeting STEMI criteria. The patient did well. == MY Comment , by K EN G RAUER, MD ( 8/4 /2024 ): == I thought today's case by Dr. Meyers is an important one for emergency providers for a number of reasons.

STEMI 117

STEMI OR Emergency Department 117

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

AUGUST 9, 2024

The receiving emergency physician consulted with interventional cardiology who stated there was no STEMI. Is there STEMI? About one hour later his high sensitivity troponin I resulted at 3,000 ng/L (reference 3-54 ng/L). The patient continued having chest pain. Fortunately the patient was then taken for angiography. Moffat, M.

STEMI 107

STEMI Coronary Heart Attack ACS 107

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 10, 2024

Unfortunately you can see that the conventional Zoll algorithm sees nothing even to suggest AMI, let alone STEMI. Really unusual to me that QOH V1 only has low confidence, but at least its correct. During EMS transport, the pain suddenly resolved.

STEMI 108

STEMI EMS Coronary OR 108

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

SEPTEMBER 7, 2024

Smith : there is some minimal ST elevation in V2-V6, but does not meet STEMI criteria. Transient STEMI has been studied and many of these patients will re-occlude in the middle of the night. Is it normal STE? The computer thinks so, and the physician thinks that is quite possible. However , there is terminal QRS distortion in lead V3.

STEMI 116

STEMI ACS Critical Care Coronary 116

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JULY 23, 2024

Another ECG was recorded while awaiting the cath team: Now there is STEMI Let's look at that first (prehospital ECG) again: Very subtle! Click here to sign up for Queen of Hearts Access == MY Comment , by K EN G RAUER, MD ( 7/20 /2024 ): == Today's case illustrates the importance of attention to subtle serial ECG findings.

Paramedic 115

Paramedic Critical Care STEMI EMS 115

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JUNE 19, 2024

His EKG with worse pain now shows enough ST elevation to meet STEMI criteria. The EKG was read by the conventional computer algorithm as diagnostic of “ACUTE MI/STEMI”. The patient started receiving medications for “STEMI” (including heparin!!!) The patient started receiving medications for “STEMI” (including heparin!!!)

STEMI 60

STEMI Coronary CAD ED 60

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

FEBRUARY 2, 2024

The emergency physician asked the advice of Dr. Reiters because of absence of STEMI criteria. But if the pain is persistent, as reported, then the patient must go to the cath lab even if the ECG suggests reperfusion. YOU TOO CAN HAVE THE PM Cardio AI BOT!! (THE

STEMI 85

STEMI ACS OR 85

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 22, 2024

Unfortunately, the cardiologist waited until the next day to refer the patient for angiography and intervention because patient did not meet criteria for "STEMI"." And Olivier finishes with this commentary: "Yet another example in favor of abandoning STEMI criteria for diagnosing OMI. Peak troponin: 128,000 ng/L.

Coronary 66

Coronary STEMI OR ALS 66

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 6, 2024

The Non-STEMI, which was an OMI, was diagnosed much faster with AI on the ECG than with troponin. For more on ECG findings in pulmonary disease — Check out My Comment in the May 31, 2024 post in Dr. Smith's ECG Blog ). The door to balloon time was incredibly short and there was a 100% circumflex occlusion that was opened and stented.

STEMI 77

STEMI Coronary ED 77