Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

DECEMBER 27, 2023

Written by Willy Frick A man in his 50s with a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and prior inferior OMI status post DES to his proximal RCA 3 years prior presented to the emergency department at around 3 AM complaining of chest pain onset around 9 PM the evening prior. ECG 1 What do you think? Grines, C.

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EMDocs

MAY 28, 2024

Sickling leads to vascular occlusion, end-organ ischemia, and decreased RBC lifespan, which, in turn, leads to pain crisis, acute anemia, sequestration, infection, and acute chest syndrome (ACS). ACS is lung injury due to vaso-occlusion in the pulmonary vasculature; many with ACS will have a concomitant vaso-occlusive pain crisis.

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Broome Docs

DECEMBER 22, 2024

2024 Oct 9. There were no differences in survival (12% with IO vs 10% with IV) or neurologically intact survival (9% vs 8%). 2024 Nov 1. Restrictive vs Liberal Transfusion Strategy in Patients With Acute Brain Injury: The TRAIN Randomized Clinical Trial. doi: 10.1001/jama.2024.20424. 2024.20424. Shorter courses of antibiotics.

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Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

NOVEMBER 15, 2023

Angiogram No obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease Cannot exclude non-ACS causes of troponin elevation including coronary vasospasm, stress cardiomyopathy, microvascular disease, etc. IMPRESSION: 1. Lindahl et al. hours T-wave are getting larger again The patient went for an angiogram at about 7 hours after arrival.

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

JUNE 30, 2023

He has already climbed Ben Nevis in Scotland, visited the Gobi desert (possibly from the comfort of his parents 4 x 4, but who’s judging) and has his bronze D of E nailed. She calls out her findings: A – OK B – 1 puncture mark to the anterior left chest wall, covered with a three-sided dressing. Actively oozing.

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

SEPTEMBER 13, 2023

When considering tumours, 37 observation studies involving 2661 children found that 3% (95% CI 1-7%) had tumours. doi:10.1093/tropej/fmz071 Expert Panel on Pediatric Imaging, Trofimova A, Milla SS, et al. 2019-0134 Hirtz D, Ashwal S, Berg A, et al. Reaffirmed October 17, 2020 Jaffe M, Bar-Joseph G, Tirosh E. Pediatr Rev.

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EMDocs

OCTOBER 8, 2024

Discharging a patient with abnormal vital signs has been linked to unanticipated death (1-4). Lactate Troponin Could this be ACS or myocarditis? 2005;2(1):44-52. doi:10.1038/ncpcardio0068 Sklar DP, Crandall CS, Loeliger E, Edmunds K, Paul I, Helitzer DL. 2006.11.018 Gabayan GZ, Sun BC, Asch SM, et al. Eur Heart J.

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Pediatric EM Morsels

AUGUST 18, 2023

Myth #1: Musculoskeletal Adverse Events (MAE) This concern is likely the most common reason fluoroquinolones are rarely used in children. Which is a risk of 1 event for 62.5 References: Ross RK, Kinlaw AC, Herzog MM, Funk MJ, Gerber JS. PMID: 27940800 Hersch AL, Gerber JS, Hicks LA, Pavia AT. in the Cephalosporin group.

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Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

FEBRUARY 28, 2020

Some providers were worried about ACS because of this ECG. My answer alleviated their concern for ACS and no further workup was done for ACS. 4 important features that indicate acute right hear strain: 1. Kosuge et al. Witting et al. looked at consecutive patients with PE, ACS, or neither.

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Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

NOVEMBER 9, 2023

Over the last 1 week, her exertional chest pain became worse both in intensity and triggering threshold. link] Shvilkin et al. This case fits this definition of cardiac memory. == MY Comment , by K EN G RAUER, MD ( 11/9 /2023 ): == I found Dr. What Can Sometimes Be Learned from Intermittent BBB Conduction!

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AAEM RSA

APRIL 1, 2021

1 The American College of Surgeons’ (ACS) Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) Massive Transfusion in Trauma Guidelines leave a good amount of flexibility for hospitals regarding transfusion protocols, focusing more on systems-level aspects of designing and implementing MTPs.2,3 Holcomb JB, Tilley BC, Baraniuk S, et al.

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ECG & Echo Learning

OCTOBER 2, 2022

Most agents exhibit both vasopressor and inotropic effects (Figure 1). μg/kg/min Bolus : 1 mg IV every 3 to 5 min (max 0.2 mg/kg) IM: (1:1000): 0.1 mg (max 1 mg) Safe for peripheral use ++ + N/A Beta-effect more pronounced at low doses. References Overgaard, Dzavik et al. Jentzer et al. Circulation 2011.

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FOAMfrat

OCTOBER 20, 2023

As reported within the 6th edition Manual of Emergency Airway Management, there are cardiac arrest rates between 1% and 4%, with other complications (mostly hypoxemia and hypotension) as high as 30% in patients with first-pass success [1, pg 29; 4-10]. And according to a paper from Russotto et al. So, how do we do it?

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ACEP Now

NOVEMBER 7, 2023

1 Overall, survival is poor following cardiac arrest, and is affected by factors including age, comorbidities, witnessed arrest, early CPR, early defibrillation, and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). References Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, et al. Larribau R, Deham H, Niquille M, et al. 2018;13(9):e0204169.

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Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

NOVEMBER 30, 2022

The fire department, who operate at an EMT level in this municipality, arrived before us and administered 324 mg of baby aspirin to the patient due to concern for ACS. mm of ST segment elevation, V2 and V3 have 1 mm of elevation, v4 has 2 mm of elevation and v5 around 1.5 Learning Points: 1. What do you think? V1 has 0.5

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ACEP Now

NOVEMBER 14, 2023

1 However, it is important to understand that death from hemoptysis is almost always due to hypoxia or asphyxiation (blood impedes gas exchange in the lungs, typically because of bleeding from high-pressure bronchial arteries into the lungs) as opposed to hemodynamic instability. References Deshwal H, Sinha A, Mehta AC. 2023;23(1):87.

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Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

NOVEMBER 12, 2020

Here they are: Learning Points: 1. 3–8 Shi et al. 7 These 3 studies, as well as 1 smaller meta-analysis, 6 and another small study, 8 make it clear that troponin is associated with increased severity and mortality in COVID when adjusted for multiple other variables. Sandoval Y, Smith SW, Sexter A, et al.

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Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

AUGUST 3, 2017

There are two main etiologies of ischemic ST-depression: 1) subendocardial ischemia 2) reciprocal to ST-elevation in an opposite wall Here there are distinct R-waves with marked ST-depression throughout most of the precordium. Tips for recognizing Acute Posterior STEMI: 1. References: 1. O'Gara et al.

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Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

OCTOBER 24, 2018

A 40-something male presented with dyspnea and left arm numbness, and perhaps some chest tightness, for 1 1/2 hours. Thelin et al. Mokhtari et al. Note baseline wander in lead aVL of ECG #1. Here is his triage ECG: There is massive STE in V3-V6, and also STE in II, III, aVF. Why is this important?

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EMDocs

JANUARY 11, 2024

The neurologic section was divided into (1) brain oxygenation, perfusion, edema, and intracranial pressure (ICP); (2) seizures and the ictal-interictal continuum (IIC); and (3) sedation and analgesia. Reference: Hirsch KG, Abella BS, Amorim E, et al; American Heart Association, Neurocritical Care Society. 2023 Dec 1.

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EMDocs

JANUARY 20, 2024

She describes the pain as left-sided, non-radiating, and 9/10 in severity. Answer: Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy 1-18 Background: Also known as transient apical ballooning syndrome, apical ballooning cardiomyopathy, stress-induced cardiomyopathy, stress cardiomyopathy, Gebrochenes-Herz syndrome, and broken-heart syndrome.

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

JULY 22, 2024

Compare this with the Panickar et al. study from 200 9. Fortunately, Lee et al. Lee B, Turner S, Borland M, Csonka P, Grigg J, Guilbert TW, et al. A large proportion of the trials come from Finland (3) and The UK (2) and also from Australia (1) and the US (1), but only a small number took place in the ED.

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EMDocs

JANUARY 6, 2024

1 Indications for transplant include: Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (49%) Ischemic cardiomyopathy (35%) Restrictive cardiomyopathy (4%) Retransplantation following failed prior transplant (3%) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (3%) Congenital heart disease (3%) Valvular cardiomyopathy (3%) The median survival after heart transplant is over 12 years.

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EMDocs

FEBRUARY 12, 2024

Introduction Arterial blood gas (ABG) or venous blood gas (VBG) testing is used to assess the pH and systemic carbon dioxide tension in patients, and, therefore, provide a more complete picture of their acid-base status than an isolated basic metabolic panel (BMP) (1). However, ABGs have many drawbacks compared to VBGs.

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EMDocs

OCTOBER 7, 2023

1-3 Common causes: Natural disasters such as tornadoes or earthquakes 4,5 Structure or building collapses from home fires or bombings. Oda J, Tanaka H, Yoshioka T, et al. Tanaka H, Oda J, Iwai A, et al. 2016;20(1):135. Goodman AD, Got CJ, Weiss AC. Stahl K, Rastelli E, Schoser B. 2012;27 Suppl 1:i1-67.

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AAEM RSA

DECEMBER 3, 2020

1 His description of cases of life-threatening infections in the perineal, genital or perianal regions were thought to be idiopathic in previously healthy men. 3-5 Fournier gangrene is a type of necrotizing soft tissue infection, which can be categorized into four types based on the infectious organism involved and other features (Table 1).

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Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

APRIL 8, 2015

Also consider non-hemorrhagic volume depletion, dehydration : orthostatic vitals may uncover this [see Mendu et al. (3)]. Cardiac Syncope ("True Syncope") Independent Predictors of Adverse Outcomes condensed from multiple studies 1. Palpitations preceding syncope (highest value on EGSYS score) 9. S yncope while supine (EGSYS) 8.

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EMDocs

JUNE 27, 2024

Abdomen : ND, NT, no guarding or rebound MSK : Tenderness to palpation over L ribs 7-9 Derm : No rashes Imaging: Image 1: Case courtesy of Miriam Leiderer, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 81468 Chest radiograph (CXR) shows new left lower lobe opacity What’s most likely diagnosis? 2022 Jul 5;328(1):57-68. C or 100.4 mg/kg, max 0.4

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EMDocs

JUNE 7, 2023

1-5 Farmers also treat sheep for parasites using OPs and may become symptomatic after exposure, an illness called Dipper’s Flu. 8 Intermediate syndrome Occurs 1 to 5 days after acute exposure in up to 40% on individuals. 7, 9 Often have absence of excessive cholinergic stimulation. 7 May lead to respiratory failure.

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EMDocs

JUNE 14, 2023

Patellar reflexes are 1+. 1, 2, 4, 9 Organophosphates are one of many types of insecticide and are used worldwide to manage crops. 1, 2 Symmetric sensorimotor axonopathy: leg cramping to extremity weakness and paralysis. 1, 2 Sensory > Motor neurons with predilection for long axons. Muscle tone is normal.

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EMDocs

NOVEMBER 4, 2024

1 The ED is a fast-paced environment where patient stability and life-and-limb-threatening conditions are prioritized. The pain began abruptly 1 hour ago, described as a stabbing sensation, and has occurred daily at the same time for the past week, each episode lasting about 45 minutes. Pain can be improved or exacerbated with meals.

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

SEPTEMBER 18, 2023

Davidson L, Foley DA, Clifford P, Blyth CC, Bowen AC, Hazelton B, et al. Frost HM, Bizune D, Gerber JS, Hersh AL, Hicks LA, Tsay SV. Tonsillitis Baker MG, Gurney J, Oliver J, Moreland NJ, Williamson DA, Pierse N, et al. Community-acquired pneumonia Addo-Yobo E, Anh DD, El-Sayed HF, Fox LM, Fox MP, MacLeod W, et al.

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

JULY 5, 2023

Figure 1: Clinical manifestations and long-term consequences of sickle cell disease Training and education on sickle cell disease: Training and education are crucial to improve morbidity and mortality. Investigations : Bloods show Hb of 8 g/L, White cell count 13x 10 9 /L, Platelets 570 x10 9 /L, CRP 35mg/L.

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Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

MARCH 3, 2025

The status of the patients chest pain at this time is unknown : EKG 1, 1300: There is sinus tachycardia and artifact of low and high frequency. The top ECG is diagnostic of thrombotic type 1 OMI until proven otherwise. The RAO views above show the LAD and LCx arteries (pictures B and C, annotated in pictures E and F respectively).

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ACEP Now

FEBRUARY 19, 2025

AI started to make its mark in the ED by maximizing the efficiency of certain tasks like patient triage, clinical presentation diagnosis, mortality prediction, clinical decision making, and operational workflow management (see Figure 1). References Edmondson AC. Tsai CH, Eghdam A, Davoody N, et al. Edmondson AC.

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

JANUARY 2, 2025

Using data from the Danish Fetal Medicine Database (from 2008 to 2018), it found that pregnancies with MCHDs had a significantly higher rate of complications such as preeclampsia, preterm birth, and foetal growth restriction compared to those without MCHDs (23% versus 9%), except for transposition of the great arteries. Turchiano F, et al.

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EMDocs

NOVEMBER 25, 2024

1 Life Cycle and Pathophysiology Life Cycle Humans are the only hosts for O. 1 The parasite has a 5-stage life cycle in which the blackfly acts as an obligate intermediate host. The worms can live as long as 15 years, and female worms may produce microfilariae (early-stage larvae) for up to 9 of those years. 13 Figure 1.

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