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Intermediate-risk patients may be further stratified based on recent stress testing or coronary angiogram findings plus a modified HEART or Emergency Department Assessment of Chest Pain (EDACS) score. The patient has no previous stress testing or coronary angiogram, and he is not low risk by HEART or EDACS scoring.
Date: November 22, 2023 Reference: Stopyra et al. Date: November 22, 2023 Reference: Stopyra et al. A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) demonstrates ST elevations in leads II, III, and aVF with ST depressions in leads I and aVL and the team begins transport to the nearest percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) capable hospital.
A 45-year-old male with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, amphetamine and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) use, and coronary vasospasm presented to triage with chest pain. During assessment, the patient reported that a left heart catheterization six months prior indicated spasms but no coronary artery disease.
Studies such as those by Moise et al 14 and Ellis et al 39 have shown that the relative risk of developing an acute myocardial infarction in the territory supplied by an artery with a 70%. years, with the interval as long as 12 or 18 years in some studies. Unfortunately, vascular remodeling is variable and inconsistent.
Date: June 30th, 2022 Reference: McGinnis et al. Major adverse cardiac event rates in moderate-risk patients: Does prior coronary disease matter? Date: June 30th, 2022 Reference: McGinnis et al. Major adverse cardiac event rates in moderate-risk patients: Does prior coronary disease matter? Reference: McGinnis et al.
Why Was Cardiac Cath Negative for Coronary Disease? As noted by Dr. Nossen — this patient qualified as MINOCA ( M yocardial I nfarction with N on- O bstructive C oronary A rteries ) — since troponin was positive on his 2nd admission, yet there was no evidence of obstructive coronary disease on cath.
Date: September 23, 2024 Reference: Essat et al. The patient has no specific risk factors for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or dissection. Reference: Essat et al. Diagnostic Accuracy of D-Dimer for Acute Aortic Syndromes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Methodology: 3/5 Usefulness: 2/5 Ashburn NP, et al. Question and Methods: The authors completed preplanned subgroup analyses to determine if a 0-1 hour ultra-sensitive troponin […] The post Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T Among Patients With Known Coronary Artery Disease appeared first on EMOttawa Blog. JAMA Cardiol.
Date: September 8th, 2021 Reference: Desch et al. Date: September 8th, 2021 Reference: Desch et al. Defibrillation is the treatment of choice in these cases but does not often result in sustained ROSC ( Kudenchuk et al 2006). Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is responsible for the majority (60%) of all OHCAs in patients.
[display_podcast] Date: October 19th, 2017 Reference: Hofmann et al. display_podcast] Date: October 19th, 2017 Reference: Hofmann et al. Studies have shown that oxygen can cause vasoconstriction, increase blood pressure and decrease coronary artery blood flow ( Kones et al AM J Med 2011). NEJM Sept 2017. NEJM Sept 2017.
What Your Gut Says: The patient has a tachydysrhythmia which may be the presentation of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) even though the patient has no ischemic symptoms. Essentially, we are using the troponin assay to find patients with ACO who may be benefited by coronary interventions or risk factor modification. Cardiol Rev.
1] But there are multiple other abnormalities that make this ECG diagnostic of Occlusion MI, localized likely to the right coronary artery: 1. Systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy of ST-segment elevation for acute coronary occlusion. Nikus et al. Kontos et al. Kontos et al. Bischof et al.
Article: Branch KHR et al. Indication for emergency invasive coronary angiography or had coronary angiography within 1 hour of arrival. Known obstructive coronary artery disease or known coronary stent. References: Branch KHR et al. Advanced imaging post-arrest is a possible modality to achieve this end.
The ECG is just a test: a Bayesian approach to acute coronary occlusion If a patient with a recent femur fracture has sudden onset of pleuritic chest pain, shortness of breath, and hemoptysis, the D-dimer doesn’t matter: the patient’s pre-test likelihood for PE is so high that they need a CT. Amsterdam et al. Alencar et al.
There is appreciable STE aVR with near-global STD that appropriately maximizes in Leads II and V5, and thus suggesting a circumstance of generic, diffusely populated, circumferential subendocardial ischemia versus occlusive coronary thrombus. [1] It’s judicious, then, to arrange for coronary angiogram. link] [1] Mirand, D.
Additional architectural changes include systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve, endothelial dysfunction at the level of the coronary arterial bed, and ventricular diastolic dysfunction. This worried the crew of potential acute coronary syndrome and STEMI was activated pre-hospital. It is spread to V2 and V3. References Naidu, S.
Date: January 16th, 2020 Reference: Troponin Testing and Coronary Syndrome in Geriatric Patients With Nonspecific Complaints: Are We Overtesting? Date: January 16th, 2020 Reference: Troponin Testing and Coronary Syndrome in Geriatric Patients With Nonspecific Complaints: Are We Overtesting? Reference: Wang et al.
Such findings would normally suggest primary ischemia with concomitant surveillance of coronary occlusion, but these ST/T changes might very well be secondary to the Escape mechanism at hand. Evaluation of T-wave morphology in patients with left bundle branch block and suspected acute coronary syndrome. 3] Meyers, H. 4] Dodd, K.
One cannot rely on this feature as a means of detecting changes – subtle, or dramatic – for volatile occlusive coronary thrombus. Discussion When the QRS is normal, is the encountered ST/T changes that beget suspicion for LAD ACS (as in both of these cases) the result of occlusive coronary thrombus, or simply a normal variant?
Zeymer HT et al. References: Zeymer HT et al. The benefits of this strategy may be outweighed by the risk of the device-related complications (i.e. bleeding, stroke, limb ischemia, and hemolysis). The evidence for this practice has been sparse until now. Extracorporeal Life Support in Infarct-Related Cardiogenic Shock. Control: 53.4%
The coronary angiogram revealed no critical stenosis, or acute plaque ulceration. Takotsubo should be a diagnosis of exclusion after angiography reveals no obstructive coronary disease, and repeat Echo displays left ventricular recovery. Furthermore, pertinent electrolyte values (e.g. potassium) were within normal parameter.
Methodology: 3/5 Usefulness: 1/5 Georgiopoulos G, et al. The post Modification of the GRACE Risk Score for Risk Prediction in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes appeared first on EMOttawa Blog. JAMA Cardiol. Methods: Retrospective.
Thanks in part to rapid bedside diagnosis, the patient was able to avoid emergent coronary angiography. Consider the following: We become attuned to looking for acute coronary occlusion in patients who present with acute symptoms to the ED ( E mergency D epartment ).
[display_podcast] Date: May 16, 2018 Reference: Freund et al. display_podcast] Date: May 16, 2018 Reference: Freund et al. Reference: Freund et al. Effect of the Pulmonary Embolism Rule-Out Criteria on Subsequent Thromboembolic Events Among Low-Risk Emergency Department Patients: The PROPER Randomized Clinical Trial.
Paper: Van de Werf, F et al. STREAM-2: Half-Dose Tenecteplase or Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Older Patients With ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized, Open-Label Trial. References: Van de Werf, F et al. PMID: 37439219 Armstrong P et al.
Cardiology admitted him for observation with plans for next-day coronary angiogram. Unfortunately, due to the patient’s abrupt exodus from the PCI center – without benefit of coronary angiogram, or echo, for example – the disposition will forever remain unknown. [1] 1] Driver, B. Emergency Medicine Journal, 1-5. [2] 3] Niu, T.,
It should be emphasized here that this is a presentation of high-pretest probability for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). link] [1] Zachary et al. Utility of the history and physical examination in the detection of Acute Coronary Syndromes in emergency department patients. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 18 (4), 752-760. [2]
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest presenting to the ED in refractory VF, a majority have significant coronary artery disease, much of which is amenable to percutaneous coronary intervention. References Tsao CW, et al. Benjamin EJ, et al. Kimblad H, et al.
A comparison of electrocardiographic changes during reperfusion of acute myocardial infarction by thrombolysis or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Lemkes JS, et al. Total coronary occlusion, if very brief, may have minimal infarction and yet be very dangerous. Am Heart J. 2000;139:430–436. Eur Heart J [Internet].
It has been said that it can take 17 years for 14% of research to reach the patients’ bedside ( Morris et al 2011 ). Talk I: Knowledge Translation in the Digital Age The first talk was on knowledge translation (KT) in the digital age. A number of examples of the KT problem were provided.
It shows a proximal LAD occlusion, in conjunction with a subtotally occluded LMCA ( Left Main Coronary Artery ). Upon contrast injection of the LMCA, the patient deteriorated, as the LMCA was severely diseased and flow to all coronary arteries ( LAD, LCx and RCA ) was compromised. He was taken immediately to the cath lab.
Bogossian et al. (1) Bogossian H, Frommeyer G, Ninios I, Hasan F, Nguyen QS, Karosiene Z, Mijic D, Kloppe A, Suleiman H, Bandorski D, et al. Among patients with left bundle branch block, T-wave peak to T-wave end time is prolonged in the presence of acute coronary occlusion. Then we can correct that modified QT for heart rate.
Coronaries were clean. Not OMI with High Confidence Click here to sign up for Queen of Hearts Access We showed that the Queen of Hearts decreases false positive cath lab activations: 1) Published recently in Prehospital Emergency Care Baker PO et al. 2) To be presented at AHA conference in Chicago in 2 weeks: Sharkey SW et al.
[display_podcast] Date: March 6th, 2018 Reference: Zahed et al. display_podcast] Date: March 6th, 2018 Reference: Zahed et al. He is the creator of the excellent #FOAMed project called First10EM.com Case: A 77-year-old woman with known coronary artery disease is on clopidogrel and aspirin because of a stent placed four month ago.
In most cases, rather, the culprit is gross ischemia due to myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, or advanced coronary artery disease. Unfortunately, today’s case is lacking any such diagnostics, thus I cannot say with certainty that the QT interval is, or is not, culpable in arrhythmogenesis. [1] Wolters-Kluwer: Philadelphia, PA. [2]
Below is the version standardized by PM Cardio app Meyers interpretation: Findings are specific for posterior (and also likely inferior) wall transmural acute infarction, most likely due to acute coronary occlusion (OMI). Most OMI have a peak Troponin T over 1000 ng/L [reference: Baro R et al. Clinical Cardiology 2019.
Date: May 24th, 2022 Reference: Broder et al. Date: May 24th, 2022 Reference: Broder et al. Reference: Broder et al. Guidelines for Reasonable and Appropriate Care in the Emergency Department (GRACE) 2: Low-Risk, Recurrent Abdominal Pain in the Emergency Department.
Click here for Direct Download of the Podcast Paper: Aykan AC et al. References: Jaff MR et al. PMID: 21422387 Wan S et al. PMID: 15262836 Sharifi M et al. PMID: 27422214 Wang C et al. PMID: 19741062 Kucher N et al. PMID: 24226805 Piazza G et al. PMID: 26315743 Tapson VF et al. CHEST 2010.
Old ‘NSTEMI’ A history of coronary artery disease and a stent to the same territory further increases pre-test likelihood of acute coronary occlusion, including in-stent thrombosis. So the patient had a transient acute coronary occlusion that spontaneously reperfused but is at risk for reocclusion. Deutch et al.
He reported a history of ischemic cardiomyopathy with coronary stent placement approximately 10 years prior, but could not recall the specific artery involved. 4] Baranchuk, A, et al. BP 110/67 HR 68 RR 14 (non-labored) SpO2 95 RA Physical exam revealed slight pallor and diaphoresis. Attached is the first ECG. 2] Surawicz, B.
First trop was 7,000ng/L (normal 25% of ‘Non-STEMI’ patients with delayed angiography have the exact same pathology of acute coronary occlusion. The new ACC expert consensus explains that: “STEMI ECG criteria on a standard 12-lead ECG alone will miss a significant minority of patients who have acute coronary occlusion. Take home 1.
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