Pediatric EM Morsels

SEPTEMBER 22, 2023

Negative E-FAST and no signs of long bone injuries should raise concern for neurogenic shock in the hypotensive trauma patient with suspected spinal injury. Alpha 1 agonists are necessary to maintain appropriate blood pressure. Tenenbein M, Macias CG, Sharieff GQ, et al, eds. 2011;46(9):1771. 5 th Edition. J Pediatr Surg.

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

NOVEMBER 22, 2023

Of these signs, mortality in children is associated with hepatomegaly and fever; meanwhile, mortality in adults is associated with hyperkalaemia, traumatic brain injury, propofol infusion rates >5mg kg -1 h -1 and ECG changes. 1998;8(6):491-9. Critical care (London, England). Critical care (London, England).

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REBEL EM

FEBRUARY 29, 2024

1, 2 Its occurrence often portends worse outcomes in intubated patients, whose projected hospital course was already tenuous. 5 Onset of VAP has been repeatedly shown to increase the number of ventilator days, intensive care length of stay, use of antimicrobials, medical costs, and mortality risk. 4, 8 Paper: Dahyot-Fizelier, C.,

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ACEP Now

OCTOBER 11, 2024

1 Pediatric rapid sequence intubation (RSI) in the ED is associated with a higher frequency of failed first attempts and adverse effects than in adult patients. Paralytic agents include rocuronium at 1 mg/kg IV and succinylcholine at 1-2 mg/kg IV. References Long E, Sabato S, Babl FE. mg/kg IV, ketamine at 1.5–2

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

JUNE 17, 2024

The Importance of Civility in Critical Care Resuscitation A 3-year-old patient with diabetic ketoacidosis arrives at your ED. However, education and training for healthcare professionals traditionally prioritise ‘hard skills’, particularly critical care resuscitation. Here are ten things to think about: 1.

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REBEL EM

NOVEMBER 30, 2023

Article: Vaeli Zadeh A, Wong A, Crawford AC, Collado E, Larned JM. Guideline-based and restricted fluid resuscitation strategy in sepsis patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis [published online ahead of print, 2023 Aug 9]. Am J Emerg Med. 2023;73:34-39. Results: 26,069 studies met initial inclusion criteria.

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Pediatric EM Morsels

NOVEMBER 17, 2023

Bibl K, Pracher L, Küng E, Wagner M, Roesner I, Berger A, Hermon M, Werther T. Cuffed endotracheal tubes in pediatric intensive care. 1994 Jul;125(1):57-62. 2019 Sep;74(9):1186-1190. 2016 Feb;30(1):3-11. Differences in intubation outcomes for pediatric patients between pediatric and general Emergency Departments.

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

FEBRUARY 26, 2024

In 2015, Silva et al. About PICSTAR PICSTAR is a trainee-led research network open to all doctors, nurses and allied health trainees within Paediatric Intensive Care. We are the trainee arm of the Paediatric Critical Care Society – Study Group (PCCS-SG) and work with them on research, audit and service evaluation.

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EMDocs

JUNE 27, 2024

Abdomen : ND, NT, no guarding or rebound MSK : Tenderness to palpation over L ribs 7-9 Derm : No rashes Imaging: Image 1: Case courtesy of Miriam Leiderer, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 81468 Chest radiograph (CXR) shows new left lower lobe opacity What’s most likely diagnosis? 2022 Jul 5;328(1):57-68. 2020 Feb 12;10(1):2470.

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

DECEMBER 6, 2023

Their analyses revealed an association between social media use and e-cigarette and tobacco use. Parga-Belinkie JJ, et al. Balk SJ, et al. Abrams EM, et al. Yang K, et al. Varghese D, et al. Sanderson KR, et al. Huang N, et al. Hepnar L, et al. Chiu M, et al. Hemmingsen D, et al.

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REBEL EM

AUGUST 21, 2023

This trial aimed to assess whether targeted therapeutic mild hypercapnia (TTMH) applied during the initial 24 hours of mechanical ventilation in the ICU can enhance neurological outcomes at the 6-month mark, as compared to standard care, which involves targeted normocapnia (TN). Paper: Eastwood G, et al. N Engl J Med. Epub 2023 Jun 15.

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NAEMSP

APRIL 19, 2023

Current AHA guidelines do not recommend routine use of calcium in cardiac arrest (Panchal, et al., Calcium acts as a vasopressor and inotropic agent (Lindqwister, et al., This CI does include 1; and further and further analysis of the data showed that the likelihood that calcium has a beneficial effect (e.g.

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

JANUARY 10, 2024

Let’s take the humble blood transfusion – used in emergency departments across the globe and playing a key role in critical care. Maitland K, Olupot-Olupot P, Kiguli S, et al. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1900100 Maitland K, Kiguli S, Olupot-Olupot P, et al. The study asked TWO questions: 1. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(5):420-431.

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Broome Docs

OCTOBER 31, 2022

Intensive Care Med. 2022 Jan;48(1):78-91. The PEACH trial: No body had a fit, so… we have no clue Peter-Derex L, Philippeau F, Garnier P, et al. 2022 Sep;21(9):781-791. PMID: 30206143 Less is more when it comes to intravenous fluids de-Madaria E, Buxbaum JL, Maisonneuve P, et al. Epub 2021 Dec 14.

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ECG & Echo Learning

OCTOBER 2, 2022

Most agents exhibit both vasopressor and inotropic effects (Figure 1). Below follows a drug manual for use in the CCU (coronary care unit), ICU (intensive care unit) or ER (emergency room). Careful electrocardiographic and hemodynamic monitoring with ECG , central vein catheter and intra-arterial catheter (A-line) is warranted.

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

MAY 6, 2024

Article 1: Positive urine cultures without pyuria Wang ME, Jones VG, Kane M, et al. Clinical Course of Children 1 to 24 Months Old With Positive Urine Cultures Without Pyuria. 2024;24(1):111-118. Giannoni, E., Pediatric Critical Care Medicine , 25 (3), pp.e117-e128. Acad Pediatr. doi:10.1016/j.acap.2023.06.023

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

JUNE 30, 2023

E – Temp 37.2 Survival was better, both at 24 hours and six months, in the TXA group, although the primary outcome, a quality of life score at six months, called the Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOS-E), was the same in both groups ( 53.7% Last year, Kornelson et al. A retrospective cohort study in Japan by Maeda et al.

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Don't Forget the Bubbles

AUGUST 28, 2023

The median age at diagnosis was 47 months (range 1-173 months). About PICSTAR PICSTAR is a trainee-led research network open to all doctors, nurses and allied health trainees within Paediatric Intensive Care. 2014;9(9):S102-S109. 0000000000000294 Carter BW, Benveniste MF, Madan R, et al. 2019;43(1):98-103.doi:10.1097/RCT.0000000000000782

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REBEL EM

MAY 8, 2023

Paper: Smith JA, Secombe P, Aromataris E. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. Only 1 RCT and 1 cohort study had only mechanically ventilated patients. However, this data was driven by a single small trial (Enderson et al.), References: Smith JA, Secombe P, Aromataris E. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. PMID: 34225346.

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AAEM RSA

AUGUST 27, 2020

Interventions during the acute phase of treatment post return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) are therefore critical. 1 The primary goal of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is to optimize coronary perfusion pressure and maintain systemic perfusion in order to prevent neurologic and other end-organ damage while working to achieve ROSC.

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Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

MAY 5, 2022

It is critically important for all EM and critical care providers to have an intimate understanding of hyperkalemia and its ECG findings. The 2 Questions that I would ask would be: Question #1: In the absence of any history — What are the major diagnose s suggested by the ECG in Figure-1 ? What is it?

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FOAMfrat

JULY 1, 2023

Their recommendation, as I can tell, appears to come from two things: A paper by Levin NM et al. In fact, Herbstritt 2012, identified that there was "no significant difference to time to intubate, intubating conditions, or intubating success rate when using 1 to 1.2 mg/kg Rocuronium versus 1 to 1.5 Updated 2021 Oct 1].

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EMDocs

FEBRUARY 12, 2024

Introduction Arterial blood gas (ABG) or venous blood gas (VBG) testing is used to assess the pH and systemic carbon dioxide tension in patients, and, therefore, provide a more complete picture of their acid-base status than an isolated basic metabolic panel (BMP) (1). However, ABGs have many drawbacks compared to VBGs.

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EMDocs

JANUARY 4, 2024

1 In addition to intentional overdoses, there are multiple case studies of abuse (ingestion, insufflation, injection). QRS > 100 msec can give sodium bicarbonate 1-2 mEq/kg IV boluses. 9-12 Do not use this prophylactically in bupropion overdoses. 2014;52(9):969-72. In: Brent J, et al. Critical Care Toxicology.

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ACEP Now

NOVEMBER 7, 2023

1 Overall, survival is poor following cardiac arrest, and is affected by factors including age, comorbidities, witnessed arrest, early CPR, early defibrillation, and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). References Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, et al. Larribau R, Deham H, Niquille M, et al. 2018;13(9):e0204169.

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EMDocs

OCTOBER 7, 2023

1-3 Common causes: Natural disasters such as tornadoes or earthquakes 4,5 Structure or building collapses from home fires or bombings. Oda J, Tanaka H, Yoshioka T, et al. Tanaka H, Oda J, Iwai A, et al. Critical Care. 2016;20(1):135. Stahl K, Rastelli E, Schoser B. Chen CY, Lin YR, Zhao LL, et al.

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EMDocs

MAY 29, 2023

ESR and CRP are acute-phase reactants with concentrations that change in response to inflammation both acutely and chronically (1). ESR measures the rate at which red blood cells settle in a test tube, a factor of the concentration of fibrinogen in the blood, which increases during inflammation (1). References (1) Tennant F.

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AAEM RSA

SEPTEMBER 17, 2020

Marik P, Khangoora V, Rivera R, et al. This retrospective before-and-after study was conducted at a single-center tertiary care referral hospital in the U.S. Keh D, Trips E, Marx G, et al. References Rhee C, Dantes R, Epstein L, et al. 2017;318(13):1241-9. Hatfield K, Dantes R, Baggs J, et al.

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REBEL EM

NOVEMBER 11, 2024

found no difference in mortality in critical care patients treated with vancomycin and piperacillin- tazobactam compared to vancomycin and cefepime or meropenem. Article: Chanderraj R, Admon AJ, He Y, et al. Comorbidity Index : Higher in the cefepime group (median 2 vs. 1). In 2021, Buckley et. 3 The same year, Ross et.

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