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The key is a stepwise, three-pronged approachresuscitation, early ENT consultation with transport arrangements, and temporizing measures applied to control bleedingto keep the patient safe until shes transferred to definitive care. References Grasl S, Mekhail P, Janik S, et al. Dharmawardana N, Chandran D, Elias A, et al.
Date: September 18, 2024 Reference: Dillon et al. You and your partner initiate high-quality CPR, place a supraglottic airway, establish intra-osseous (IO) access and administer epinephrine. Reference: Dillon et al. Naloxone and Patient Outcomes in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests in California. JAMA Network Open.
Definition A series of hemodynamic changes related to autonomic denervation and loss of sympathetic tone. Both norepinephrine and epinephrine can be used. Epinephrine is key if there is significant bradycardia. Tenenbein M, Macias CG, Sharieff GQ, et al, eds. Tenenbein M, Macias CG, Sharieff GQ, et al, eds.
How Long Should We Monitor After Giving IM Epinephrine for Anaphylaxis? Bottom Line Up Top: After prompt recognition and appropriate treatment with IM epinephrine, the risk of biphasic reactions are exceedingly low. At the time of discharge, appropriate patient education and prescriptions for IM epinephrine are essential.
1-4 The PDPs, phenylephrine and epinephrine, result in vasoconstriction and increased cardiac contractility. They can be associated with side effects such as reflex bradycardia, decreased stroke volume in phenylephrine, tachycardia and hypertension associated with epinephrine. Paper: Singer S, et al. Am J Emerg Med. 2022 Sep 5.
A study by Lee et al ( 7) compared femoral CVC placement to IO and demonstrated a first-pass success pass rate with IO of 90.3% In cardiac arrest, a delay in IV access subsequently results in a delay in epinephrine administration. References: 1 Astasio-Picado Á et al. Ong MEH, Chan YH, Oh JJ, et al. Iserson KV et al.
2 Standard management for VT and VF involves the use of electrical defibrillation, high-quality chest compressions, and epinephrine. 5 More recent literature defines “refractory” as VT or VF that is persistent or recurrent despite three shocks from a defibrillator, three rounds of epinephrine, and use of an antiarrhythmic (i.e.,
Paper: Hiruy A, et al. to 1mg/kg/hr) Information regarding the vasopressors used in the study is as follows: Norepinephrine equivalents = norepinephrine mcg/kg/min + (phenylephrine mcg/kg/min/10) + epinephrine mcg/kg/min + (vasopressin units/min x2.5) REFERENCES: Hiruy A, et al. PMID: 37586951 Mehaffey JH, et al.
Fine ventricular fibrillation She received 2 mg epinephrine, 150 mg amiodarone and underwent chest compressions with the LUCAS device. The patient was taken for an angiogram and had an 80% LAD lesion, but it could not be definitely determined whether this was an acute thrombotic lesion or a chronic stable lesion. see below).
As always the links to the papers are in the write up below and you definitely should read them rather than believe a couple of nerds amusing themselves upon the internet. Epinephrine metered-dose inhaler for pediatric croup. Early Restrictive or Liberal Fluid Management for Sepsis-Induced Hypotension. Acad Emerg Med. Epub 2022 Dec 7.
Article: Abella BS et al. Zuberbier, Torsten, et al. Definition, Classification, and Routine Diagnosis of Urticaria: A Consensus report11this Consensus Report Is the Result of a Panel Discussion during the International Clinically Oriented ESDR Symposium ‘Urticaria 2000’.” Ann Emerg Med 2020. J Allergy Clin Immunol. Ledford, D.
Dobutamine may be preferred in patients without severe hypotension who have high vascular resistance. -- De Backer D et al. 6,7 Surgical repair of AS, by either TAVR or SAVR, is the definitive treatment for this condition. Taglieri N, Marzocchi A, Saia F, et al. Kosuge M, Ebina T, Hibi K, et al. Richard, C; et al.
REBEL Cast Ep113 – Defibrillation Strategies for Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation Click here for Direct Download of the Podcast Paper: Cheskes S, et al. It’s difficult to definitively say which of the two is statistically better, however there is a trend pointing toward DED. REFERENCES: Cheskes S, et al. N Engl J Med.
Date: February 26th, 2019 Reference: Benger et al. Date: February 26th, 2019 Reference: Benger et al. They had a difficult time getting a definitive airway pre-hospital. Reference: Benger et al, Effect of a Strategy of a Supraglottic Airway Device vs. Effect of a Strategy of a Supraglottic Airway Device vs.
Date: February 24th, 2022 Reference: Parish et al. Date: February 24th, 2022 Reference: Parish et al. Tricoci et al. The definitions used for each level of evidence are as follows: An update was published by Fanaroff et al in JAMA 2019. We have covered some of these over the 10 years.
Epinephrine infusion was begun. There is no definite evidence of acute ischemia. (ie, This is an important finding related to the etiology and treatment of these malignant arrhythmias — since by definition, PMVT with a prolonged QTc is classified as Torsades de Pointes ( and entails different treatment recommendations ).
The definition of massive hemoptysis is variable across publications with expectorated blood volumes ranging from 100 to 1,000 mL per 24 hours, as these volumes are difficult to estimate for any given patient. Atchinson PRA, Hatton CJ, Roginski MA, et al. Ittrich H, Bockhorn M, Klose H, et al. Li H, Ding X, Zhai S, et al.
And according to a paper from Russotto et al. Of note, in the paper by Russotto et al., Likely due to different definitions for hypotension and adverse/major critical events, but the numbers remain higher than we would ever like — Kinda scary when you think about it. Sackles et al. What the hell are you to do?!
Article: Kumar M et al. Patients exclusively managed in the ICU which decreases applicability for patients in other locations Very small sample size of 96 patients No definition was provided for exclusion criteria of significant cardiopulmonary disease. References De Pietri L, Bianchini M, Montalti R, et al. Hepatology.
With ventilations and epinephrine, she regained a pulse. Kurkciyan et al. Kurkciyan et al., A middle-age woman with h/o hypertension was found down by her husband. Medics found her apneic and pulseless, began CPR, and she was found to be in asystole. She was hypotensive in the ED and her bedside echo showed a normal RV and LV.
Date: November 10, 2024 Reference: Couper et al. The paramedic is trying to get intravenous (IV) access to give epinephrine per the protocol. Epinephrine has long been a cornerstone in the management of OHCA. One critical consideration in prehospital epinephrine administration is the method of vascular access.
is positive thanks to the widespread availability of antivenom, relatively short transport times to definitive care, and the U.S.'s These side effects do not contraindicate antivenom administration and can be treated with antihistamines and epinephrine. Rapid transport to definitive care is crucial. Accessed 17 July 2024.
Definition: Refractory Ventricular Arrhythmias Persistent ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) despite 3 shocks, appropriate CPR, vasopressors, and anti-arrhythmics. Administer epinephrine every 35 minutes. Pads repositioned from AL to AP to change the shock vector. N Engl J Med. N Engl J Med.
Episode 116: Massive Hemoptysis Definition: Hemoptysis is expectoration of blood from the respiratory tract; ranges from mild with small streaks of blood to cardiopulmonary compromise (1-5). Massive hemoptysis: no clear definition, ranges from 50 mL in a single expectoration to 100 mL in 24 hours to over 1 L in 48 hours. J Thorac Dis.
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