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His family started CPR and called EMS, who arrived to find him in ventricular fibrillation. 15 minutes after EMS arrival, after at least 6 defibrillations, the patient achieved sustained ROSC. Written by Pendell Meyers A man in his 50s was found by his family in cardiac arrest of unknown duration.
EMS arrived and found him in Ventricular Fibrillation (VF). He was defibrillated into VT. He then underwent dual sequential defibrillation into asystole. See these related cases: Cardiac arrest, defibrillated, diffuse ST depression and ST Elevation in aVR. Cardiac arrest #3: ST depression, Is it STEMI?
Guest Skeptic: Dr. Stephen Meigher is the EM Chief Resident training with the Jacobi and Montefiore Emergency Medicine Residency Training Program. Guest Skeptic: Dr. Stephen Meigher is the EM Chief Resident training with the Jacobi and Montefiore Emergency Medicine Residency Training Program. The TOMAHAWK Investigators.
EMS was called, and they recorded the following ECG on scene at 13:16: What do you think? In this medical system, the EMS provider can then be routed to the ED or to a type of urgent care facility that is open 24 hrs/day and staffed by a primary care provider. In this case, the EMS provider was routed to the urgent care facility.
Fire/EMS crews found him clammy and uncomfortable. It doesn’t meet any conventional STEMI criteria, but there is patently obvious increased area under the curve. Despite immediate chest compressions, and multiple rounds of defibrillation, he could not be resuscitated. Breath sounds were clear in all lung fields. Is this OMI?
There’s inferior ST depression which is reciprocal to subtle lateral convex ST elevation, and the precordial T waves are subtly hyperacute – all concerning for STEMI(-)OMI of proximal LAD. There’s ST elevation I/aVL/V2 that meet STEMI criteria. This is obvious STEMI(+)OMI of proximal LAD. Non-STEMI or STEMI(-)OMI?
He received aspirin en route via EMS, and no EMS ECGs are available. After the second defibrillation the patient had an organized rhythm: Bradycardic escape/agonal rhythm, with large ST deviations. A repeat ECG was done: Obvious anterolateral wall STEMI. It should have been shocked at least 10 seconds ago.
This case was provided by Spencer Schwartz, an outstanding paramedic at Hennepin EMS who is on Hennepin EMS's specialized "P3" team, a team that receives extra training in advanced procedures such as RSI, thoracostomy, vasopressors, and prehospital ultrasound. She was defibrillated and resuscitated. From Gue at al.
See this post: Septal STEMI with ST elevation in V1 and V4R, and reciprocal ST depression in V5, V6. EMS arrived to a pulseless patient in V fib. She was successfully defibrillated and taken back to the ED. They sued the the county-operated EMS service for allegedly not dispatching the call fast enough. The family sued.
The patient in today’s case is a previously healthy 40-something male who contacted EMS due to acute onset crushing chest pain. The ECG shows obvious STEMI(+) OMI due to probable proximal LAD occlusion. He required multiple defibrillations within a period of a few hours. The below ECG was recorded. What do you think?
EMS was activated and recorded the following ECG (scanned from a prehospital ECG, so the quality is not perfect): Notice the small Q wave in V1 followed by a very large R-wave, with a prolonged QRS. RBBB in acute STEMI has a very high mortality. This patient is 38 years old with hyperlipidemia. There is a wide S-wave in V6.
There is a very small amount of STE in some of the anterior, lateral, and inferior leads which do NOT meet STEMI criteria. The case was reviewed by all parties, and it was stated correctly that the ECG does not meet the STEMI criteria. He was defibrillated immediately and had return of normal mental status.
She was ventilated by bag-valve-mask by EMS on arrival and was quickly intubated with etomidate and succinylcholine. 2) The STE in V1 and V2 has an R'-wave and downsloping ST segments, very atypical for STEMI. Cardiology was consulted and they agreed that the EKG had an atypical morphology for STEMI and did not activate the cath lab.
It was reportedly a PEA arrest; there was no recorded V Fib and no defibrillation. The morphology of V2-V4 is very specific in my experience for acute right heart strain (which has many potential etiologies, but none more common and important in EM than acute pulmonary embolism). CPR was initiated immediately.
After epinephrine, atropine, and defibrillation x 2, there was a return of pulses. There is ST depression in II, III, and aVF that is concerning for reciprocal depression from high lateral STEMI in aVL, where there is some ST elevation. Annals of EM 23(6):1333-1342; June 1994. Exact rhythm during arrest is uncertain.
The paramedics diagnosis was "Possible Anterolateral STEMI." We rapidly defibrillated her, and with return of normal sinus rhythm. Several minutes later the patient developed V-fib again > 200J defibrillation with return to NSR. The patient then had 2 subsequent episodes of V-fib requiring defibrillation, with return to NSR.
A 12-lead was recorded, showing "STEMI," but is unavailable. Moreover, if you know that catastrophic intracranial hemorrhage can result in an ECG that mimics STEMI, then you know that this patient probably has a severe intracranial hemorrhage. She was BVM ventilated and suctioned. Shortly thereafter, pulses were lost.
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