Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

DECEMBER 27, 2023

Written by Willy Frick A man in his 50s with a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and prior inferior OMI status post DES to his proximal RCA 3 years prior presented to the emergency department at around 3 AM complaining of chest pain onset around 9 PM the evening prior. ECG 1 What do you think? Grines, C.

E-9-1-1 116

E-9-1-1 OR Coronary ACS 116

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JULY 22, 2023

A prior ECG from 1 month ago was available: The presentation ECG was interpreted as STEMI and the patient was transferred emergently to the nearest PCI center. Patients that develop a Type 1 pattern without any precipitating or provoking factors have a risk of SCD of 0.5-0.8% per year incidence of SCD in this cohort [1].

E-9-1-1 70

E-9-1-1 CAD OR STEMI 70

REBEL EM

NOVEMBER 30, 2023

Article: Vaeli Zadeh A, Wong A, Crawford AC, Collado E, Larned JM. Guideline-based and restricted fluid resuscitation strategy in sepsis patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis [published online ahead of print, 2023 Aug 9]. References: Vaeli Zadeh A, Wong A, Crawford AC, Collado E, Larned JM.

E-9-1-1 122

E-9-1-1 ALS ACS ICU 122

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JUNE 17, 2024

Pain improved to 1/10 after EMS administers 324 mg aspirin and the following EKG is obtained at triage. C Examination notable for diaphoresis, 1+ bilateral lower extremity edema, regular heart rate and rhythm, and no signs of respiratory distress with normal breath sounds. What do you think? In fact, Kosuge et al. Stein et al.

E-9-1-1 136

E-9-1-1 ACS Emergency Department Coronary 136

Pediatric EM Morsels

MAY 5, 2023

2018 Dec 20;11(1):5. Hovinen T, Korkalo L, Freese R, Skaffari E, Isohanni P, Niemi M, Nevalainen J, Gylling H, Zamboni N, Erkkola M, Suomalainen A. Lemale J, Mas E, Jung C, Bellaiche M, Tounian P; French-speaking Pediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group (GFHGNP). J Am Diet Assoc 2001;101:661–9.

E-9-1-1 130

E-9-1-1 OR EMS 130

FOAMfrat

APRIL 22, 2024

This kid had sticks go through his cheek from running with a lollipop, hit by a car, almost kidnapped, attacked by a dog, and almost burnt his house down by throwing a 9-volt battery in the trash. 2024 Mar 15:1-9. Robichaud L, Ross D, Proulx MH, Légaré S, Vacon C, Xue X, Segal E. 2016;20(1):76-81. PMID: 38407212.

E-9-1-1 78

E-9-1-1 ACS Paramedic Critical Care 78

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JUNE 30, 2023

Queen: #1: NOT OMI, HIGH CONFIDENCE Queen: #2: NOT OMI, HIGH CONFIDENCE ECG 1 Interpretation: there is terminal T-wave in V3-V6. LEARNING POINT : 1. Smith and Meyers containing thousands of tracings with documentation of cardiac catheterization results. in ECG #1 ). These were texted to me only with "chest pain."

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 Coronary ED OR 52

REBEL EM

JULY 3, 2023

Pregnant or incarcerated patients Documentation for systolic BP is incomplete Intervention: Administration of IV calcium within 60 min prior to or 30 min after IV diltiazem administration in patients with AF/AFL with RVR. The study was dependent on EMR documentation which is prone to error.

E-9-1-1 98

E-9-1-1 EMR Emergency Department ED 98

Pediatric EM Morsels

AUGUST 18, 2023

Myth #1: Musculoskeletal Adverse Events (MAE) This concern is likely the most common reason fluoroquinolones are rarely used in children. Which is a risk of 1 event for 62.5 None of the patients were documented to have joint disease at follow up. PMID: 26407358 Meesters K, Mauel R, Dhont E, Walle JV, De Bruyne P.

E-9-1-1 130

E-9-1-1 ACS OR ALS 130

Don't Forget the Bubbles

MAY 6, 2024

Article 1: Positive urine cultures without pyuria Wang ME, Jones VG, Kane M, et al. Clinical Course of Children 1 to 24 Months Old With Positive Urine Cultures Without Pyuria. 2024;24(1):111-118. of patients with follow-up documentation, 70.8% (95% CI 62.9–77.9) Giannoni, E., Acad Pediatr. doi:10.1016/j.acap.2023.06.023

E-9-1-1 75

E-9-1-1 Emergency Department OR ALS 75

Don't Forget the Bubbles

FEBRUARY 26, 2024

2007 Jan 1;25(1):6-9. uk/document-library/clinical-information/asthma/btssign-asthma-guideline-2019. Add in PEFR <33% and SpO2 <92% Management of acute asthma* * as per BTS guidelines Acute asthma is managed in a stepwise fashion using the following guidelines. Beers SL, Abramo TJ, Bracken A, Wiebe RA. Scotland HI.

E-9-1-1 72

E-9-1-1 Critical Care OR ALS 72

EMDocs

AUGUST 22, 2024

1 However, we recognize that many patients prefer to speak a language other than English regardless of their English proficiency, and this does not indicate a deficiency. 9 Less likely to be satisfied with their care and have a lower understanding of their discharge instructions. 11 Unlikely to receive language assistance.

Emergency Department 81

Emergency Department ALS E-9-1-1 ED 81

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

SEPTEMBER 10, 2023

Ongoing pain noted throughout all documentation, but after nitro drip and prn morphine, "pain improved to 2/10." References: 1) See this study showing an association between morphine and mortality in Non-STE-ACS: Meine TJ, Roe M, Chen A, Patel M, Washam J, Ohman E, Peacock W, Pollack C, Gibler W, Peterson E.

E-9-1-1 78

E-9-1-1 ACS STEMI Coronary 78

REBEL EM

SEPTEMBER 26, 2022

2020;71(1):235-246. Plt 37×10^9/L and 40×10^9/L, SOC and TEG, respectively) All patients enrolled had an upper endoscopy and verified the source of bleeding. Article: Kumar M et al. Thromboelastography-Guided Blood Component Use in Patients With Cirrhosis With Nonvariceal Bleeding: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

FFP 52

FFP E-9-1-1 ICU ALS 52

NAEMSP

JANUARY 5, 2023

1] The Adult Cardiac Arrest ACLS algorithm currently includes epinephrine and either amiodarone or lidocaine as recommended pharmacologic therapies. 1] Table from Hamam et al. 9] Figure from Clemency et al. 1] References 1. Fowler R, Gallagher JV, Isaacs SM, Ossman E, Pepe P, Wayne M. Resuscitation.

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 Advanced Life Support Epinephrine Life Support 52

Don't Forget the Bubbles

MARCH 11, 2024

New York, USA: The International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2024 (Accessed January 9, 2024). link] Mitchell, E. Recommendations for sudden infant death syndrome prevention: a discussion document. Pediatric Annals, 52(1), e10–e17. Bialocerkowski, A. Vladusic, S. L., & Wei Ng, C. A., & Sauvé, R.

E-9-1-1 59

E-9-1-1 OR ED 59

ACEP Now

FEBRUARY 11, 2024

Gently inject 1 to 2 cc of anesthetic to hydrodissect the clavipectoral fascia from the clavicle. 8 For all ultrasound-guided nerve blocks, we recommend placing documentation both in the EHR and as a small skin marking with a surgical pen on the patient. 2023:S0735-6757(23)00539-9. Atalay YO, Mursel E, Ciftci B, et al.

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 ALS ED Emergency Department 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

FEBRUARY 28, 2020

4 important features that indicate acute right hear strain: 1. In this study, (quote) "negative T waves in leads III and V 1 were observed in only 1% of patients with ACS compared with 88% of patients with APE (p less than 0.001). They found that only 11% of PE had 1 mm T-wave inversions in both lead III and lead V1, vs. 4.6%

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 ACS ALS OR 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JANUARY 30, 2019

The pattern of STE and STD reminded us of Brugada Type 1 morphology. Smith comment: 1) Brugada ECG may have ST shifts in limb leads as well as precordial leads. Patients that develop a Type 1 pattern without any precipitating or provoking factors have a risk of SCD of 0.5-0.8% per year incidence of SCD in this cohort [1].

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 CAD STEMI OR 52

Don't Forget the Bubbles

JULY 5, 2023

Figure 1: Clinical manifestations and long-term consequences of sickle cell disease Training and education on sickle cell disease: Training and education are crucial to improve morbidity and mortality. Investigations : Bloods show Hb of 8 g/L, White cell count 13x 10 9 /L, Platelets 570 x10 9 /L, CRP 35mg/L.

E-9-1-1 126

E-9-1-1 ACS OR ICU 126

Don't Forget the Bubbles

DECEMBER 13, 2023

It is commonly seen in the first couple of years of life and accounts for 1-5% of paediatric hospital admissions for those under two. Failure to thrive’ has many definitions We use standardized charts to document infant growth. E.g. cleft palat e. 2016 Apr;175(4):573-9. Epub 2015 Dec 9. His birth weight was 2.72

E-9-1-1 98

E-9-1-1 OR 98

REBEL EM

OCTOBER 5, 2023

1-6 We now have the Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Evaluation of Corticosteroids (CAPE COD) Trial. Patients admitted to the ICU with severe community-acquired pneumonia were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive hydrocortisone or a placebo. However, except for one trial, none showed a between-group difference regarding mortality.

Critical Care 94

Critical Care ICU E-9-1-1 ALS 94

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

JANUARY 5, 2020

There are 5 other rhythms that are irregularly irregular , though atrial fibrillation is by far the most common: 1. See below how this has been documented. However, incorrect automated and physician overread interpretations are common and have been shown to adversely affect patient management [ 1 ]. Sinus with multifocal PACs 3.

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 ALS OR 52

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

NOVEMBER 28, 2022

Right atrial diastolic collapse is the earliest sign, but the patient needs to have right atrial collapse for at least 1/3 of the cardiac cycle which can be difficult to identify with ultrasound. Beck’s triad only happens all 3 together in approximately 1/3rd of patients. 2013 Sep;26(9):965-1012.e15. J Am Soc Echocardiogr.

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 OR ED Emergency Department 52

EMDocs

JANUARY 11, 2024

The neurologic section was divided into (1) brain oxygenation, perfusion, edema, and intracranial pressure (ICP); (2) seizures and the ictal-interictal continuum (IIC); and (3) sedation and analgesia. Reference: Hirsch KG, Abella BS, Amorim E, et al; American Heart Association, Neurocritical Care Society. 2023 Dec 1.

Critical Care 74

Critical Care E-9-1-1 OR ICU 74

EMDocs

NOVEMBER 16, 2024

1-3 Despite its commonality it retains a relatively high rate of complications overall and patients frequently present to the ED for evaluation. 9=11 70% monomicrobial, 25% poly-microbial, 5% culture-negative. 9=11 70% monomicrobial, 25% poly-microbial, 5% culture-negative. 8 Perform and document distal neurovascular exam.

EMS 75

EMS E-9-1-1 Operating Room Emergency Department 75

EMDocs

FEBRUARY 12, 2024

Introduction Arterial blood gas (ABG) or venous blood gas (VBG) testing is used to assess the pH and systemic carbon dioxide tension in patients, and, therefore, provide a more complete picture of their acid-base status than an isolated basic metabolic panel (BMP) (1). However, ABGs have many drawbacks compared to VBGs.

Emergency Department 93

Emergency Department E-9-1-1 ED ICU 93

ACEP Now

OCTOBER 29, 2024

EMS found the patient pulseless and apneic, with an initial rhythm showing ventricular fibrillation (see figure 1). Figure 1: The EMS rhythm strip. Type 1 is diagnostic and characterized by J point and ST elevation > 2 mV with coved ST- elevation in at least two precordial leads, followed by negative T wave.

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 Defibrillator ALS Epinephrine 52

EMDocs

JULY 3, 2023

This neurological evaluation should include assessment and documentation of the GCS, the presence of any neurologic deficits, and an NIHSS. 9 Delayed NCHCT is less sensitive due to decreased visibility of blood collection secondary to red blood cell (RBC) degradation. 2022 Jan;39(1-2):35-48. Avest E, Taylor S, Wilson M, et al.

ED 85

ED E-9-1-1 ALS OR 85

ACEP Now

OCTOBER 9, 2023

Physicians should document the interpreter’s name and identification number if available in the patient’s chart. 9 Being bilingual is often not enough to be a medical interpreter, which requires precision, experience, and knowledge of medical jargon, as well as culturally specific idioms and phrases. 2022;105(1):62-73.

Emergency Department 64

Emergency Department E-9-1-1 ALS OR 64

AAEM RSA

DECEMBER 3, 2020

Introduction: While cases of genital gangrene were documented as early as 980 CE, the condition we know today as FG was coined in the 1880’s by French venerologist, Jean Alfred Fournier. 2018;48(9):1157-1160. 2020;26(1):8-17. 2018;8(1):88. 2016;4:1-3. Internal medicine journal. Filippone LM. Clin Microbiol Infect.

Emergency Department 52

Emergency Department E-9-1-1 ALS EMT 52

Don't Forget the Bubbles

AUGUST 10, 2023

Descriptive Terms When describing injuries of the hand for documentation or referral purposes it is important to know the terminology that is widely in use in order to convey an accurate description to others. Hand dominance, mechanism of injury and vascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal status should all be evaluated and documented.

E-9-1-1 52

E-9-1-1 Emergency Department OR ED 52

AAEM RSA

SEPTEMBER 17, 2020

Thiamine also plays a role in key metabolic processes, including cellular energy production and generation of cellular antioxidants, and thiamine deficiency has been well-documented in sepsis, with observational studies indicating a signal for improved outcomes with supplementation. Keh D, Trips E, Marx G, et al. 2017;318(13):1241-9.

ICU 52

ICU E-9-1-1 ALS OR 52

REBEL EM

NOVEMBER 11, 2024

What They Did: Investigators performed a retrospective cohort study in the Emergency Department at the University of Michigan between July 1, 2014 through December 31, 2018. Comorbidity Index : Higher in the cefepime group (median 2 vs. 1). 9 Instrumental Variable Analysis? Sex : More males in piperacillin-tazobactam (57.1%

E-9-1-1 84

E-9-1-1 ALS ICU Critical Care 84

Don't Forget the Bubbles

NOVEMBER 5, 2023

Xylitol for the prevention of acute otitis media episodes in children aged 1-5 years: a randomised controlled trial. Parental physical disease severity and severe documented physical child abuse: a prospective cohort study. 2023 Oct 9. 2023 Oct 9. Soydan E, et al. Harstad E, et al. 2023 Oct 1.

E-9-1-1 105

E-9-1-1 ALS Emergency Department OR 105

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

APRIL 8, 2015

Cardiac Syncope ("True Syncope") Independent Predictors of Adverse Outcomes condensed from multiple studies 1. Palpitations preceding syncope (highest value on EGSYS score) 9. Thus, if there is documented sinus bradycardia, and no suspicion of high grade AV block, at the time of the syncope, this is very useful.

Emergency Department 52

Emergency Department E-9-1-1 ED ALS 52