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Cuffed Endotracheal Tubes for Children: ReBaked Morsel

Pediatric EM Morsels

Bibl K, Pracher L, Küng E, Wagner M, Roesner I, Berger A, Hermon M, Werther T. 1994 Jul;125(1):57-62. 2019 Sep;74(9):1186-1190. 2016 Feb;30(1):3-11. 0.41), p < 0.001. Differences in intubation outcomes for pediatric patients between pediatric and general Emergency Departments. Paediatr Anaesth. 2021 Jun;31(6):713-719.

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EM@3AM: Retroperitoneal Hematoma

EMDocs

1 Risk Factors: 1-4 Spontaneous Anticoagulants (Apixaban, Rivaroxaban, etc.) Older Age (median age of 70 years) 1 Abnormal vasculature/neoplasm of the kidney (e.g., 5 Clinical Presentation: 1-3 Variable presentation but may present with dropping hemoglobin/hematocrit without other findings in spontaneous cases.

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Large bowel obstruction: ED presentation, evaluation, and management

EMDocs

1 While less common than small bowel obstruction (SBO), obstruction of the large bowel is more likely to be a surgical emergency and is often associated with a serious underlying condition. 1 The most common causes of non-cancer-related LBO are cecal and sigmoid volvulus. Small bowel dilation may also be seen.

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Propofol-related Infusion Syndrome

Don't Forget the Bubbles

Of these signs, mortality in children is associated with hepatomegaly and fever; meanwhile, mortality in adults is associated with hyperkalaemia, traumatic brain injury, propofol infusion rates >5mg kg -1 h -1 and ECG changes. 1998;8(6):491-9. Vanlander AV, Okun JG, de Jaeger A, Smet J, De Latter E, De Paepe B, et al.

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How To Manage Tracheo-Innominate Fistula

ACEP Now

1 percent of tracheostomies. 9 There may be no time in which to perform a CT scan, and as noted above, CTA and laryngoscopy may show no remarkable findings of fistula. 2005;128: 3906-9. Operative technique for trachea-innominate artery fistula repair. 2021;4(30):1-4. It occurs after an estimated 0.1-1 J Vasc Surg.

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EM@3AM: Total Hip Arthroplasty Complications

EMDocs

1-3 Despite its commonality it retains a relatively high rate of complications overall and patients frequently present to the ED for evaluation. 4 Pain is the most common reason for presentation in the early post operative period. 2% of THA will have a post operative deep space infection. 2020 Sep 30;5(9):558-567.

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Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio: Updates in Prognosticating Fournier Gangrene in the Emergency Department

AAEM RSA

1 His description of cases of life-threatening infections in the perineal, genital or perianal regions were thought to be idiopathic in previously healthy men. 3-5 Fournier gangrene is a type of necrotizing soft tissue infection, which can be categorized into four types based on the infectious organism involved and other features (Table 1).