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Congenital Syphilis

Pediatric EM Morsels

Worldwide, congenital syphilis complicates about 1 million pregnancies / year. Usually in 1st week of lif e Copious, white-ish drainage Teeming with spirochetes! gross ) Rash Occurs 1-2 weeks after rhinitis. 2024 Jan 16;17(1):e257694. 2024 Jan;24(1):e24-e35. 2024 Jan;24(1):e24-e35. 2013 Aug;20(4):337-9.

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ToxCard: Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity

EMDocs

1-5] Since then, many more medications have been developed and deployed. Metabolism of ester anesthetics is by plasma cholinesterase, whereas amides are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system in the liver. [6] 6] Action of local anesthetics is dependent upon the molecule crossing the plasma membrane in a unionized form. [2]

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ToxCard: Chronic Organophosphate Toxicity

EMDocs

Patellar reflexes are 1+. 1, 2, 4, 9 Organophosphates are one of many types of insecticide and are used worldwide to manage crops. 1, 2 Symmetric sensorimotor axonopathy: leg cramping to extremity weakness and paralysis. 1, 2 Sensory > Motor neurons with predilection for long axons. Muscle tone is normal.

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ToxCard: Acute Organophosphate Toxicity

EMDocs

1-5 Farmers also treat sheep for parasites using OPs and may become symptomatic after exposure, an illness called Dipper’s Flu. 8 Intermediate syndrome Occurs 1 to 5 days after acute exposure in up to 40% on individuals. 7, 9 Often have absence of excessive cholinergic stimulation. 7 May lead to respiratory failure.

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ToxCard: Diethylene Glycol

EMDocs

1 Clinical Questions: When should a clinician suspect diethylene glycol (DEG) toxicity? DEG is rapidly absorbed when ingested and can reach peak plasma and brain tissue concentrations within four hours of ingestion. Toxicity typically evolves through three phases: 2,3,7,8,9 Phase 1: Gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g.,

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Emergency Department Evaluation of Cholestatic Labs

EMDocs

A wide variety of conditions can result in either type of cholestasis (Figure 1). 1 Extrahepatic obstruction is due to mechanical obstruction occurring downstream of the hepatic ducts such as pancreatic disease, gallstone obstruction of the common bile duct, and cancer. 9 How are cholestatic labs defined?

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Utility of D-dimer Testing in Special Populations

EMDocs

1 A D-dimer level can, therefore, be used as a non-specific and indirect biomarker for the presence of intravascular clotting, which may be useful in the diagnosis of VTE. 1-3 In this patient population, the NPV of a negative D-dimer level is high, such that a negative test makes further evaluation for VTE unnecessary.

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