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Updates in High dose Insulin and Euglycemia Therapy (HIET) for the treatment of Beta-adrenergic Receptor and Calcium Channel Antagonists Overdose

Core EM

Background: An update to our 2015 post on HIET for beta-adrenergic receptor and calcium channel antagonists overdose. Beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists (Beta blockers, BB) and calcium channel antagonists (calcium channel blockers) are common drugs that can produce profound cardiac depression and shock when taken in overdose.

Overdose 246
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20-something with huge verapamil overdose and cardiogenic shock

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

A 20-something presented after a huge verapamil overdose in cardiogenic shock. And she does not know that this is an overdose; she thinks it is a patient with chest pain!! He was admitted to the ICU and was unstable, in shock, overnight. Verapamil overdose is complex and VERY dangerous. The initial K was 3.0

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REBEL Cast Ep 118: The PROCOAG Trial – 4F-PCC for Trauma Patients?

REBEL EM

Severe acute traumatic coagulopathy = PT >1.5 to 3.33; P = 0.72 NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT Also no difference in individual components given Thromboembolic Events: 4F-PCC: 35% Placebo: 24% Absolute Diff: 11%; 95% CI 1 to 21% Relative Risk 1.48; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.10; P = 0.03

FFP 145
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REBEL Cast Ep120: Etomidate vs Ketamine for RSI in the ED?

REBEL EM

Range 5 to 9) Etomidate: 7.0 Range 5 to 9) Diff -0.2; 95% CI -1.4 Range 5 to 9) Etomidate: 7.0 Range 5 to 9) Diff -0.2; 95% CI -1.4

ED 98
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Agitation and Tachycardia

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

These findings are nearly pathognomonic of, or at least highly suspicious for, tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) overdose. One can read about management of TCA overdose in many places, and I have put some links to lifeinthefastlane below. We in emergency medicine obtain ECGs in overdoses mostly to look for TCA findings.

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Sodium Bicarbonate Administration During CPR and Survival Outcomes

Handtevy

Sodium bicarbonate is indicated for select patients including preexisting metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, or tricyclic antidepressant overdose. 18 ICUs participating in the ICU-RESUScitation Project (NCT02837497). However, many providers are still administering it for cardiac arrests even though we know it makes matters worse.

CPR 52
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ToxCard: Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity

EMDocs

Hemodynamics slowly begin to stabilize, and the patient is transferred to the ICU for further post-cardiac arrest care. Poisoning & Drug Overdose. The patient remains hemodynamically unstable, and bolus of 1.5 mL/kg is given followed by a continuous infusion. J Med Toxicol. 2008;4(3):184-191. McGraw Hill; 2022.

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