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ACMT Toxicology Visual Pearl: Salt, not Shock

ALiEM

Managing cardiovascular collapse in severe flecainide overdose without recourse to extracorporeal therapy. Flecainide toxicity–treatment with intravenous fat emulsion and extra corporeal life support. Emerg Med Australas. 2007 Apr;19(2):155-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-6723.2006.00909.x. 1742-6723.2006.00909.x. PMID: 17448102.

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The Broselow-Luten System

Pediatric EM Morsels

Broselow-Luten System: Supportive Data Physician estimates of weight can underdose children by 49% or overdose by up to 116%. PAWPER was more accurate than EPLS (European life support formula) as well. Reduces dosing errors during resus, up to 33.88%. Recommended by ATLS and PALS. Validation study done in Italy.

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2023 AHA Update on Management Cardiac Arrest or Life-Threatening Toxicity Due to Poisoning

EMDocs

Treatment of cardiac arrest and life-threatening toxicity due to poisoning often requires specialized treatments that most clinicians do not use frequently such as antidotes and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, in addition to effective basic and advanced life support. COR 2a, LOE C-LD. COR 2a, LOE C-LD.

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ToxCard: Benzonatate

EMDocs

She received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and standard advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS). What are the treatment options for a benzonatate overdose? Management: The mainstay of treatment of benzonatate overdose is supportive and symptomatic care. How quickly can morbidity occur with benzonatate?

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Recerts and New Protocols

Peter Canning

I recerted CPR, ACLS (Advanced Cardiac Life Support) and PALS (Pediatric Advanced Life Support) late in December. Sodium bicarbonate should only be administered in cardiac arrest for suspected sodium channel blocker overdoses. The certs are good for two years. AEMTs may administer epinephrine IV in cardiac arrest.*

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ToxCard: Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity

EMDocs

Supportive care includes: protecting the airway if necessary, supplemental oxygen if needed, and vasopressor support if the patient is hypotensive. For patients who in cardiac arrest standard Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) should be initiated. Poisoning & Drug Overdose. J Med Toxicol. 2008;4(3):184-191.

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2023 AHA Update on ACLS

EMDocs

Calcium is associated with harm but is still necessary in certain situations (hyperkalemia, calcium channel blocker overdose) (Level 3 recommendation: no benefit). Major Updates Avoid routine use of calcium in patients with cardiac arrest. Circulation. 2023 Dec 18. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001194. 0000000000001194.